الفهرس 
Hypertension in ElderlyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension is growing rapidly in both developing and developed countries and the worldwide estimates of its prevalence are expected to rise.
Hypertension has been associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive decline, Dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. Large prospective studies have provided strong evidence that older People with hypertension are at a significantly higher risk of developing all types of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease and even more importantly executive function impairment.
This thesis was conducted to assess the relationship between hypertension and cognitive/executive functions among the elderly.
A case-control study was performed on 120 elderly 60 years and older, male and female they were divided into two groups:
Group A (case group):60 elderly subjects with hyper-tension without Co morbid Conditions that affect cognitive function.
Group B (control group): 60 elderly subjects without hypertension and also without Co morbid Conditions that affect cognitive function.
Both groups were recruited from out patient clinics at Ain Shams University hospital.
The 120 elderly were subjected to comprehensive geriatric assessment including personal history, past medical history, cognitive assessment using mini mental state examination (MMSE), depression assessment using geriatric depression scale (GDS), functional assessment using the activities and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL & IADL), complete physical examination.
Cognitive/Executive functions were assessed by using 7 neuropsychological battery these tests are:
1. Arabic version of Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS) III Block design.
2. Arabic version of WAIS III Digit Span: Digit span forward & Digit span backward.
3. Letter verbal Fluency.
4. Animal verbal fluency.
5. Contrasting program test.
6. Clock Drawing Test as scored by Watson method.
7. Exits 25.
This study showed that hypertensive elderly patients had impaired cognitive/executive functions when relating their systolic BP, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure to cognitive/ executive functions, while diastolic BP was not associated with cognitive/executive dysfunction.
The study also showed that there is a poor performance of cognitive/executive tests in hypertensive patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
Finally it was found that the duration of hypertension was positively correlated to the performance in the cognitive/ executive tests and this finding needs further study.