الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
n involving mass exchange of chemical species is almost always akey step for hazardous waste minimization and treatment. This is accomplishedbest through a network of mass exchangers performing various separation or massexchanger operations, such as adsorption, absorption, stripping, ion exchange andextraction. Mass exchange operations have a wide range of applications in thechemical process industries, such as feed preparation, product separation, productfinishing, and recovery of valuable materials. Mass exchange is also becomingbincreasingly important in hazardous waste minimization, an industrial activitydictated by growing environmental concerns and regulations. The recent strongemphasis on waste minimization provides an additional dimension to the industrialapplication of mass exchange network synthesisIn particular, utilization of recycle/reuse networks for hazardous waste
minimization requires the use of mass exchange operations that can transferhazardous species from a set of rich streams to a set of lean streams. The masstransfer of these species between different streams is usually executed bycontacting the rich streams and lean streams in counter currently direct-contactmass exchange units. The task of preferentially transferring a set of hazardousspecies from the rich streams to the lean streams can be solved effectively througha mass exchange network synthesis approachThe resultant mass exchange network (MEN) not only has the lowestpossible total cost, attained through minimization of both the amount of massseparating agents (MSAs) and the number of process units, but also is highlycontrollability.