الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of the present work is to demonstrate the first optical snsor for CO2 based on the use of upconverting luminescent nanoparticles )UCLNPS). THE Sensing Scheme based on the optical interrogation OF polystyrene (PS) film containing UCLNPs and the longwave absorption of PH probe bromothymol blue (BTB). the methods represents an attractive novel type of CO2 sensor with features such as excitation with a NIR diode laser and complete lack of background luminesence due to the upconversion effect.