الفهرس 
Skin Anatomy ad PhysiologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The patient with a major burn has suffered one of the most sever forms of trauma. Skin, the largest organ of the body, upon which we depend on thermal regulation, fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and protection against bacterial infection is destroyed.Illness and death are related to the surface area and depth of the burn injury, the age and prior state of health of the victim, the location of the burn wound and the severity of associated injuries.
When the integrity of the skin is breached by burn injury, profound pathophysiological changes occur. Tissue hypoxia will result from hypovolemia due to loss of large volumes of protein containing fluid from the body, from hyperemia caused by damage to the airway by heat and the irritant products of combustion, together with the effects of carbon monoxide and cyanide poisoning. Following this, the burned patient is subjected to the damaging metabolic consequences of severe trauma and the results of gross infection.
The development of specialized burn care centers and the close collaboration among members of multidisciplinary team including surgeons, intensivists, anesthetists, nurses, psychiatrists,respiratory therapists and many others play an important role in reducing the morbidity, mortality and suffering in burned patients.
A significant increase in survival from massive burn injuries can be noted after the more aggressive approach toward preventing early cardiopulmpnary complications by early endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation followed by a controlled fluid resuscitation regimen. Also, increased survival can be made by the minimum use of intravenous lines and catheters to prevent iatrogenic complications especially infections, also by early nutritional support followed by a much earlier and more rapid wound debridement and wound closure.
The burned patient suffers from prolonged pain and the prospect of disfigurement and gross disability. Efforts should be directed from the initial stages of his treatment to minimize his pain and discomfort and to promote his psychological well-being.
After complete recovery from the burn injury, discharge planning is settled by the entire staff of the burn team to ensure that the patients can care for themselves after discharge.