الفهرس 
Materials and mithodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
CONCLUSIONS
Four experiments were carried out on rice as an
indicator plant. Two experiments out of the four were
conducted in greenhouse at Giza, the other two were conducted
in the field at Kafr EI-Sheikh Governorate.
The first pot experiment was initiated to study the
effect of phosphorus, iron and zinc fertilizations on dry
matter yield, mineral content and uptake of rice plant. The
treatments consisted of all possible combinations of three
levels of phosphorus 0, 60 and 120 ppm ; as superphosphate
15% P20s’ three levels of iron; 0,5 and 10 ppm,;!as FeS0
4
.7H
2
0
and three levels of zinc; 0,5 and 10 ppm; as ZnS0
4
.7 H
2
0.
Each treatment was replicated three times in factorial design
and arranged randomizely in the greenhouse. The soil used
in the experiment was clay loam.
The first field experiment was carried-out to study
the effect of the fertilization with P, Fe and Zn on the
yield and chemical composition of rice plant. In a factorial
design, P, Fe and Zn were applied at levels equivalent to °
(PO), 30 (Pl) and 60 (P2) Kg P20s/fed. as superphosphate;
° (Fe 0), 3 (Fel) and 6 (Fe2) kg Fe Ifed as FeS0
4
and O(ZnO)
3(Zn 1”>and 6 (Zn 2) Kg Zn/fed. as zns04• The soil where the
experiment was conducted was clay.
-~ -~~-
-123
The second pot experiment was devoted to study the
effect of nitrogen and manganese fertilization on dry matter
yield, mineral content and uptake of rice plant. Three levels
of nitrogen and manganese., 0, 90 and 180 ppm N, as ammonium
sulphate and 0, 5 and 10 ppm Mn as MnS0
4
were used. The
agronomic practices were the same as in the first pot experiment.
The second field experiment was conducted to examine
the effect of soil fertilization with nitrogen and manganese
on the yield components and chemical composition of rice plant.
The treatments consisted of all possible combinations of
three levels of nitrogen; 0, 40 and 80 kgN/fed.; and three
levels of manganese; 0,3 and 6 kg Mn/fed. as MnS0
4
.
The Results obtained had shown the following
1- Pot experiment (I)
1.1. Dry weight of rice shoots and roots increased highly
significant and progressively as a result of phosphorus
application. Application of iron has a slight
or no effect on increasing the dry weight of rice
shoots and roots. Zinc application high significantly
increased the dry weight of rice shoots and roots.
1.2. Addition of phosphorus increased the beneficial effect
of iron and zinc. Maximum dry matter yield of rice
shoots and roots was obtained with application of
the second levels of P, Fe and Zn.
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- 124 -
1.3. Application of phosphorus gradually increased P-content
of both shoots and roots. However, phosphorus
efficiency tended to decrease upon increasing the
rate of P application especially for shoot fraction.
Phosphorus content of rice shoots and roots did not
show a distinct response to the different treatments
of iron and zinc, except for Zn2 level compined with
PI level where a noticeable increase was observed
only with shoots fraction.
1.4. Phosphorus uptake of rice shoots and roots highly
significant increased with increasing the rate of
phosphorus application. Addition of iron has slight
or no effect on the amount of phosphorus uptake by
rice shoots, although the amount of phosphorus uptaken
by rice roots increased as affected by the
different iron treatments.
1.5 Application of Zinc has a significant increase on
phosphorus uptaken by rice shoots and roots. The
highest phosphorus uptake was recorded with the
vJif;\
treatment of PI combined Fe2 and Zn2.
1.6 Application of phosphorus led to increase the mean ’/
values of iron content of rice plants. However, the
concentration of iron of both shoots and roots tended
to decrease wity increasing the rate of phosphorus
application. Iron content of rice plants progressively
inceased with application of iron levels. On the other
--- ~------- --~ ~---
- 125-
hand, application of first level of Zinc increased
iron content of shoots and roots, but with increasing
the rate of applied Zinc, iron content diminished to
almost its content of control plants.
1.7. Applioation of phosphorus highly significant increased
the amount of Fe-uptake of rice shoots and roots.
Application of iron first level significantly increased
iron uptake of shoots and roots, however the
effect of second level showed a slight increase.
Addition of Zinc at the first level highly significant
increased iron uptake of rice shoots and roots; while
the addition of the second level has a slight or no
effect on iron uptake of rice shoots and roots. The
mutual effect of P, Fe and Zn showed statistical
insignificancy on iron uptake of rice shoots and roots.
1.8. Application of phosphorus gradually and highly significant
increased Zn-content and uptake of rice shoots
and roots. Iron application has slight or no effect
on Zinc-content and uptake of rice shoots. However._
the effect of iron application was of a higher mangitude
in decreasing Zn-content of roots fraction than
in shoots. Application of Zinc levels gradually and
materially increased Zinc content and uptake of rice
shoots and roots.
1.9. Statistical analysis showed that the interaction
between phosphorus and Zinc was significant in rice
shoots, whereas was not significant with rice roots.
The highest Zn-uptake was recorded for ”P11eo,zn2”
treatment.
2. Field experiment (I)
2.1. Application of phosphorus up to the second levels,
highly significant increased both straw and grain
yield. Iron application has slight effect on rice
straw yield, but showed no effect on grain yield.
Zinc application highly significant increased both
straw and grain yield with increasing the rate of
applied zinc.
2.2. The interaction effect between phosphorus, iron and
zinc on rice straw and grain was insignificant ,
although the highest yield was recorded at~p~Fel~n2~
treatment for straw and P2FelZn2 treatment for grains.
2.3. Phosphorus application progressively increased phosphorus
content and uptake of both straw and grainwith
increasing phosphorus levels. Iron application
has slight or no effect on phosphorus content and
uptake of rice straw and grain. Zinc application has
slight effect on phosphorus content of straw and
grain. However, phosphorus uptake in both straw and
grain highly significant increased with znSo4applications.
2.4. The interaction between phosphorus and zinc was
significant in increasing phosphorus uptake of straw
whereas showed non significant effects on phosphorus
uptake of grains.
2.5. Application of phosphorus highly significant increased
Fe-uptake ·of rice straw and grain at all rates of P
application. Addition of FeS04 significantly increased
Fe-uptake of straw, but has no effect on grain. Zn
application has slight effect on Fe-uptake of rice
straw, while Fe-uptake of rice grain significantly
increased with increasing zinc fertilization.
2.6. Phosphorus application at both levels used highly significant
increased Zn-uptake of rice straw and grain.
The application of FeS04 at all levels of Zn application
significantly decreased Zn-uptake of straw, but
not in grain. Zn application highly significant increased
Zn-uptake of both straw and grain. A highly
significant positive interaction between phosphorus
and Zinc was recorded only in rice straw. The mutual
effects of phosphorus, iron and zinc showed insignificant
effect on the amount of zn-uptake of both rice
straw and grain.
3~ Pot experiment (II):
3.1. Dry matter of rice shoots and roots highly significant
increased with nitrogen applications ~p to 180 ppm.
Dry weight of rice shoots and roots remains stable
or slightly increased with application of manganese.
3.2. Nitrogen content and uptake of rice shoots and roots
significantly and progressively increased with application
of nitrogen. Application of manganese showed no
effect on nitrogen content of rice plants, while
nitrogen uptake slightly increased with application
of manganese sulphate. The mutual effect of nitrogen
and manganese on nitrogen uptake of rice shoots and
roots was slight at all levels used, except with
”N2,Hn2”treatment where the highest nit/rogen uptake
was recorded.
3.3. Application of nitrogen highly significant increased
manganese content and uptake of rice plants. Manganese
content and uptake increased progressively with manganese
application for shoots. Nitrogen and manganese
interaction on manganese uptaken was significant for
shoots, but non significant for roots.
4. Field experiment (II)
4.1. Yields of both grain and straw high significantly
increased with increasing nitrogen application.
Application of MnS04 at the low dose resulted in a
slight increase in rice dry weight, while the high
dose tended to show an adverse effect. Application
of nitrogen in presence of manganese caused a slight
decrease in the yields of rice grain and straw,
especially at the higher dose of applied manganese.
4.2. Application of nitrogen highly significant increased
the nitrogen uptake of rice grain and straw with
increasing nitrogen application. The mutual effect
of nitrogen and manganese application on nitrogen
uptake of rice grains and straw was not significant
at all levels used, however the highest nigrogen
uptake was obtained with combination of N2,Mnl for
either rice grains or straw.
4.3. Application of nitrogen significantly increased
manganese content and uptake of rice plants. The
mutual effect of nitrogen and manganese on manganese
uptaken by rice straw and grains was not significant.