الفهرس 
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Abstract
Peptic ulcer is one of the major gastrointestinal disorders which occur due to an imbalance between offensive (acid, pepsin and Helicobacter pylori) and defensive (prostaglandin and bicarbonate) factors.
The Aim of this study is to examine the effect of Nigella sativa oil and Ginger extract on experimentally induced gastric ulcers and basal gastric secretion in male albino rats to evaluate its use in prophylaxis of peptic ulcer.
In our study we evaluated the effect of pretreatment with Ranitidine orally in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks, Ginger aqueous extract orally in a dose of 100 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks, Nigella sativa oil orally in a dose of 50 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks and Ginger aqueous extract plus Nigella sativa oil orally at the same doses and duration as used before on stress- induced gastric ulcer in male albino rats, compared to a control group subjected to stress without any pretreatment.
Rats in the control group (group 2) (received physiologic saline 10 mL/Kg orally for 3 weeks and were subjected to cold immobilization stress) showed obvious stomach ulceration. The incidence of ulceration was 100%.with the highest mean ulcer score (2.9±0.233) and an ulcer index 2.9. The control group showed the highest mean titrable acidity (87±1.856) and the highest mean pepsin concentration (17.36±0.535).
Rats received Nigella sativa oil (group 3), orally, in a dose of 50 mg/kg daily, for 3 weeks showed reduction in the incidence of ulceration to 80 %. The mean ulcer score was significantly reduced to 1.7±0.367 (P value < 0.05). The calculated ulcer index was reduced to 1.36 with a preventive index 53.1%. Mean titrable acidity was significantly reduced to 68.5 ± 2.478 mEq/L (P value < 0.001) and mean pepsin concentration was significantly reduced to 15.46 ± 0.582 mg/ml (P
value < 0.05).
Rats received Ginger aqueous extract (group 4), orally, in a dose of 100 mg/kg daily, for 3 weeks showed reduction in the incidence of ulceration to 80 %. The mean ulcer score was significantly reduced to 1.4 ± 0.306 (P value < 0.01). The calculated ulcer index was reduced to 1.12 with a preventive index 61.4%. Mean titrable acidity was significantly reduced to 75.5 ± 2.522 mEq/L (P value < 0.05 ) and mean pepsin concentration was significantly reduced to 13.33 ± 0.248 mg/ml
(P value < 0.001).
Rats received Ginger aqueous extract plus Nigella Sativa oil (group 5), orally, in the same doses and duration as used before showed reduction in the incidence of ulceration to 60%. The mean ulcer score was significantly reduced to 1 ± 0.333 (P value < 0.001). The calculated ulcer index was reduced to 0.6 with a preventive index 79.3%. Mean titrable acidity was significantly reduced to 58 ± 2.261 mEq/L (P value < 0.001) and mean pepsin concentration was significantly reduced to11.08 ± 0.396 mg/ml (P value < 0.001).
Rats received ranitidine (group 6), orally, in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day, for 3 weeks showed reduction in the incidence of ulceration to 40 %. The mean ulcer score was significantly reduced to 0.7 ± 0.213 (P value < 0.001). The calculated ulcer index was reduced to 0.28 with a preventive index 90.3%. Mean titrable acidity was significantly reduced to 50.5 ± 3.202 mEq/L (P value < 0.001) and mean pepsin concentration was significantly reduced to 9.45 ± 0.369 mg/ml (P value <0.001).
The results of our study indicated the following :
1- Oral administration of Ginger aqueous extract in a dose of 100 mg/kg/day For 3 weeks reduced the incidence of stress-induced gastric ulcer with a significant preventive index in comparison to the control group.
2- Oral administration of Nigella sativa oil in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day For 3 weeks reduced the incidence of stress-induced gastric ulcer with a significant preventive index in comparison to the control group.
3- Oral administration of Nigella sativa oil 50 mg/kg/day plus Ginger aqueous extract 100 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks showed higher gastroprotective effect than use of Ginger or Nigella alone in comparison to the control group.
4- Oral administration of ranitidine, in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day, for 3 weeks reduced the incidence of stress-induced gastric ulcer with a significant preventive index in comparison to the control group.
Ginger aqueous extract and Nigella Sativa oil have a good gastroprotective effect against stress induced ulcer in male albino rats. This gastroprotective effect increases with combination of both and becomes close to the gastroprotective effect of ranitidine (a standard anti ulcerative drug ) and have the advantage of
being natural and safe.