الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Water buffaloes are considered as one of the most preferable species in
Egypt in regard to its high milk quality, meat palatability and their lowest net
milk production costs. During the last decade, attempts have been made to
increase the productivity of the Egyptian water buffaloes through improvement of those factors affecting the reproductive potentials (Abou El-Amaim, 2009).
Buffalo population in Egypt was estimated as 5,231,162 according to (FAO,
2010) representing about 2,895% of the global world buffalo population.
Illthriftness in calves is a multi causal syndrome, it may occur due to
intestinal parasitism, coccidiosis, infection with hemoplasma, nutritional
deficiencies such as copper, cobalt, selenium, zinc, thiamin, vitamin A and
vitamin D where some animals fail to thrive at a time when others appear to be in a satisfactory health and good body condition.