الفهرس 
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Abstract
A mobile network is a network segment or sub net that can move and attach to arbitrary points in routing infrastructure. Mobile IPv6 protocol allows location-independent routing of IP datagrams. Each Mobile node is identified by its home address disregarding of its current location. Away from home network, a mobile node is associated with a care-of-address which identifies its current location. Meanwhile, its home address is associated with the local endpoint of a tunnel to its home agent. The problem in the nested NEMO is the pinball route where the packets must travel to the home agent in order to reach its destination. The problem increases with each level in the nested network because of the existence of multiple mobile networks. The problem gets even worse in case of a handover as there is a disconnection time which in some cases reaches 9 seconds. This disconnection time badly affects real time applications such as VoIP.
The proposed methodology alms at routing the traffic to an alternative router during the disconnection period. In this dissertation, two protocols are being developed in order to implement this methodology.
The first protocol is based on changing the packets’ routes to alternative routes. The protocol gets use of the existence of multiple interfaces in modem mobile routers since they are equipped with both wired (e.g Ethernet) and wireless (e.g WiFI, WiMax) interfaces. Backup routing tables are developed as base maps for the mobile routers in order to route the traffic in case of disconnection. In the cases where the nested mobile network loses a network coverage (e.g WiMax), the Top-Level mobile router loses its connection.