الفهرس 
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Abstract
The study concerns appli, lion of Remota Sensing lechnique for soil
survey and land evalualion. Clas ificalion of soils was also performed as wen
as evalualion of land capability of t e soil mapping units of the studied area. The
area is located in the north part <f eastern desert of Egypt; between lalitudes
30010’ and 30028’ N and longitude 31°39’ and 32005’ E.
Remote Sensing technique’ as used in this study for the purpose of
reducing the amount of field work, t me, cost and improving the accuracy of soil
mapplOg.
Detailed invesligalions were, ied out by digital image processing 10
produce corrected and scaled colour rint out of an image for the studied area.
Computer compalible tapes (CCT’s: containing data from Landsat-3 (MSS)
acquired in 1984 and 1987, and Them’ lie Mapper (TM) acquired in 1990, having
a frame between path 176 and row 3S satenite data were used through PCI and
SUN digital image Processing system, of the Remote Sensing Unit in Soil and
Water Research Institute.
Digital image processing include the foUowing steps:
1- Geomebic colttClion from the base map 10 the image 0984 data).
2- Geometric correction from image te image (1987 data).
3- Image enhancement includinj histogram equalization and liner stretch.
4- Image classification includ ng unsupervised and maximum likelihood
supervised classification.
5- Data merging.
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Using maximum likelihood classification, and the descriptor of six spectral
classes, six land units were identi 00:
(1) Wadi bottoms, (2) Wadi plair s, (3) Fans and outwash plains, (4) Old river
terraces, (5) Plateau and (6) Culti ated area.
The output colour was usee as a base map (I :50,000 scale) for the area.
There were 23 profiles sele ted to represent the soil mapping units plus 30
mini pits for further confirmation.
Soil Classification:
According to the soil Taxo: omy (1975), soils of the area blelong to the
order Entisols and Aridisoils as, f milies were as follows:
1- order Entisols.
a- Typic Torripsamments, mixed, hyperthermic.
b- Typic Torriorthents, sal y skeletal, mixed, hyperthermic.
c- Typic Torriorthents, loa my skeletal, mixed, hyperthermic.
2- order Aridisols.
a- Typic Calciorthids, sal dy, mixed, hyperthermic.
b- Typic Calciorthids, san y skeletal, mixed, hyperthermic.
c- Calcic Gypsiorthids, Sl ndy, mixed, hyperthermic.
d- Cambic Gypsiorthids, andy, mixed, hyperthermic.
e- Cambic Gypsiorthids, C4 arse loamy, mixed, hyperthermic.
f- Cambic Gypsiorthids, cI yey, mixed, hyperthermic.
g- Petrogypsic Gypsiorthi s, sandy skeletal, mixed, hyperthermic.
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Twelve soil mapping units ere identified;
,1. Mappina= unit WI: Mostly’ ypic Torripsamments, mixed, hyperthermic,
occupying 18639 feddans (fd) and representing 6.3 % of the area.
~!. MaPRina= unit W2; Typic Torriorthents loamy skeletal and Typic
Torriorthents sandy skeletal, mb ed, hyperthermic, occupying 25929 fd and
representing 8.7% of the area.
~~.Mao1riuI unit Fl; Mainly dor .nated by Typic Calciorthids, sandy, mixed,
hyperthermic, occupying 11579 fd and representing 3.9 % of the area.
~~. MapJIin& unit F2: Typic Calciorthids, sandy skeletal and Calcic
Gypsiorthids, sandy, mixed, hypen ermic, occupying 16375 fd and representing
5.5% of the area.
S. MaRgiDl~ unit FJ.;. Typ c Torriorthents, sandy skeletal, and Typic
Calciorthids, sandy skeletal, m xed, hyperthermic, occupying 11419 fd and
representing 3.8% of the area.
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6. Magginl unit RI: Camhi Gypsiorthids, coarse loamy and/or clayey,
mixed, hyperthermic, occupying 2679 fd and representing 14.3% of the area.
7. MagRinI unit R2: Typic TOI iorthents, sandy skeletal, occupying 18671 fd
and representing 6.3 % of the are .
8. Mappine unit R3; Calcic Gypsiorthids, sandy, mixed, hyperthermic,
occupying 15987 fd and represen ing 5.4% of the area.
;9. MaDPinl unit R4: Calcic Gypsiorthids, sandy, mixed, hyperthermic,
occupying 13671 fd and represent ng 4.6% of the area.
JO. Muginl’ unit PI; Calcic Gypsiorthids, sandy, mixed, hyperthermic,
occupying 82611 fd and represent ng 27.7 % of the area.
1ll. Magginl’ unit P2; Petrog ic Gypsiorthids, sandy skeletal, mixed,
hyperthermic, occupying 12361 fd and representing 4.2% of the area.
12. Mawi. unit rJ;. Typic Calci rthids, sandy skeletal, mixed, hyperthermic,
occupying 28042 fd and representi g 9.4% of the area.
LAND SUTABILITY EVALUA’
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Each soil mapping unit ~ as evaluated by land suitability evaluation
systems compatible with the arid ; nd semi-arid regions, i.e. (1) Qualitative
system, FAO system and (2) Q antitative system, Sys and Verheye.
Using the FAO system, 22~ 66 fd (77.1 % of the area) were ”marginally
suitable” (S3) and 68197 fd (22.9’ of the area) were ”not suitable” (N).
Using Sys and Verheye s}stem, 187004 fd (62.8% of the area) were
marginally suitable (83) and 1109 9 fd (37.2% of the area) were not suitable
(N).
Results suggest that the quail itative systems may be more suitable than the
qualitative systems under Egyptian conditions.