الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
wit
P1v
Experiment a .we
UMMARY
conducted utlder laboratory condctian
Dept. and und ez field
eriment station of the Faculty
ces, Moshtohor, Zagazig University.
Soil samples f m Al-Amar village were used in these
were taken from field which ”Was not
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itions in the
of
throw,hout; the last 15 years.
an atomizer.
xperiments. soil samples were treated
ratesoflO.2O,40.60,BO and 100 ppm.
dried soils were used for every expe
equivalent concentration of inseotcide
acetone and the solution was sprayed
soil was left for 24 hr.to
nian bulbs equal in diamet er and weight
e treated soil. The effects on root,
ent and flowering of the plants were
totoxic s,y.mptomswere recorded and
:Porlaboratory
inseoticides a
kilograms of’
nt replioate.
us
get rid of acetone.
wer cultivated in
g~e leaves develo
reo rded. Also the
Pho ographed.
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suspens ions of chlrodane, endrin, mepllospholan ,
thomyl and fenv lerate and colchicine were tested
water solution at concentrations, 10,20,40,60,80
ioine solution was used as control.
ul.bs fro. the s e variety, diamet er, and weight were
llowed to. The number, length and the dry weiht
of the sprou ed roots were estirna~ed.
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Cross
in the treated sprouted roots were
de after root lling and fixation. The stained cross
sections were t study the side effect of these
pesticides on t e cell content.
Cytologica and cytogenetic effect s were also studied
to showth 1r effects on mitotic index and mitotio
abnormalities.
aJ.. studie s were carried out to study the
omeinsecticides on the IlliA and DNA
s.rnthesis in 0 ion root cells •
H1stoch
Experimen s were oonducted also under field conditione
to study the effect of these pesticides on crop
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at all concentrations exoept 10 ppm in the first
and 10, and 100 ppm. in oase of the seoond insecticide.
Chlordane had nearly no effect.
4- Chlordane, fenvalerate and endrin decreased the
numbers of root s sprouting four days aft e1’treatment.
The percentage of decrease increased with
increasing the concentrations. The other tested
insecticides varied in their effect.
- Chlordane and endrin decreased the dry weight of
roota, while mephosfolan was somewhat less effective.
Kethomwl increased the dry weight of the roots at
concentrations tested except 100 ppm. Fenvalerate
creased also the dry weight except at concentrations
o and 20 ppn.
- In the caae of colchicine treatment, tumours appeared
at 2 to 3 mm., from the tips of the roots,
While in the CBse of insecticides, tumours
formations- appeared in two differ811t structures;
tWDOuroua throughout and terminal tumours.
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7 Microscopic examination of transverse sections of
treated onion root tips indicated that chlordane
at the rates more than 40 ppm. sli.ghtJ.ydamage the
pith layer forming a little gap. Most of the epidermis
cells were distroyed. Mephosfolan damaged the
vascular cylinder at all concentrations. The piliferous
layer was also damaged. Methomyldestroyed the
cortex layer and the pith layers. The following symptoms
were clear in the csse of fenvalerate, the dc;::truction
of both epiderm and cortex layer, bypertorophy
and gaps in the root tissues.
_ Result indicated that all the insecticides at the
different concentrations decreased the mitotic index.
_ The different abnormalities which were observed
were, sticky’ohromosomes, fragment J briedge, break
and gap. Also distributive o~ movement abnormalities
were lagging chromosomes, polidy which included diploidy
or polyploiQy, multinuclate cells which included
bi,tri and tetranuclus, and a-metaphase or distrubed
cell.
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10- All insecticides tested decreased RNAand DNA
content.
11- Dimethoate, Triazophos, ,cypermethrin and e.ldicarb
decreased the crop yield of broad bean, while endrin
had Ilearly no effeot.
Endrin, mephosfolan, profenfos, methomyl.and fenvalerate
increased the cotton yiel.d.