الفهرس 
coverOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 217 |  |  |
| | | from | 217 | | |
Abstract
For the last ten years considerable research has been conducted on the use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer materials for strengthening and repair of steel beams and flexural members for civil engineering applications Externally prestressed structures have many particular advantages compared with internally prestressed ones in details design and construction; e.g., lower prestress losses, easier to layout prestressing tendons, better control and guarantee of concrete quality, easier to check and change tendons in later management, etc. The use of CFRP-Strips could prove advantageous over steel tendons in strengthening applications. Unlike steel, CFRP-Strips are unaffected by electrochemical deterioration and can resist the corrosive effects of acids, alkalis, salts and similar aggressive materials under a wide range of temperatures. On se-quently, corrosion-resistant systems are not required, making preparation prior to bonding and maintenance after installation less arduous than for steel. The following research presents the application of CFRP-Strips as freestanding cables for supporting extradoses bridges, prestressed , post stressed structural elements . Provided that the problem of anchorage of such elements are solved, this approach should allow developing the full laminate tensile strength with the material safety factor taking into consideration the influence of their end anchorage.