الفهرس 
parkinson`s diseasOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Tremor may be a risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome because of repetitive trauma. Diagnosis of CTS is usually based on a combination of clinical signs and electromyography (EMG). As an imaging method, sonography has been found to be a precise method to display the anatomy of the median nerve, and several studies have shown sonography to have high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of idiopathic CTS.
The aim of our study was to estimate the association between CTS and Parkinson’s disease. Evaluation of median nerve was done by electrophysiologic and ultrasonography assessment.
Fifteen patients with PD were included in this study beside five apparently healthy subjects matched for age and sex as a control group.
All patients included in this study were subjected to nerve conduction study for both median and ulnar nerves using standard technique and high resolution ultrasonography examination for the median nerve at each wrist.
This study revealed that:
Regarding electrophysiological findings
Summary&Conclusion
5 patients (33.3%) had CTS regarding NCS according the diagnostic criteria all of them were unilateral.
The control group showed no abnormalities regarding electrophysiological studies.
There was no significant difference between patients & control groups in any parameter of median nerve electrophysiological studies (p > 0.05).
There was significant increase in left median distal motor latency in patients with CTS than those without (p < 0.05).
Regarding U/S findings
Six (40%) patients had CTS regarding U/S assessment of carpal tunnel, 5 (83.3%) patients had unilateral CTS and 1 (16.7%) patient had bilateral CTS.
The controls showed no abnormalities regarding U/S assessment of carpal tunnel.
There was a statistically significant increase in mean right median transverse diameter in patients group versus controls (p < 0.05).
There was no statistically significant difference between patients with and without CTS regarding age, disease duration and grading of Parkinson’s disease.
Summary&Conclusion
Correlation between age and disease duration in relation to different variables
There was a highly significant positive Correlation between disease duration & left median transverse diameter / mm (p<0.001).
There was a significant positive Correlation between disease duration & left median AP diameter/mm &Lt median distal motor latency. (p<0. 05).
There was no statistically significant Correlation between the age and different measured variables (p> 0.05)
Regarding sensitivity & specificity of U/S and NCS
In our study, the sensitivity of ultrasonography assessment of median nerve for CTS patients versus electrophysiological studies was (40%) & (33.3%) respectively while specificity of ultrasonography assessment of median nerve for CTS patients versus electrophysiological studies was (60%) & (46.7%) respectively.
Thus we can conclude:
There was a significant positive correlation between disease duration and the distal motor latency of median nerve which means that the increase in PD duration leads to a delay in the distal motor latency of median nerve. So
Summary&Conclusion
there may be a relationship between PD duration and CTS.
Sonography is non-invasive imaging tool which permit assessment of nerve compression in CTS, and the sensitivity and specificity of this diagnostic feature are high.
U/S is not an alternative diagnostic tool to electrodiagnostic tests and vice versa in CTS, but they are complementary; one provides anatomic information of the nerve and its surrounding structures while the other provides information on the level of the lesion and the function of the nerve fibers with the largest diameters. However, classic electrophysiological studies are essential to resolve clinical doubts and to rule out cervical radiculopathy, brachial plexopathy, polyneuropathy, and other focal mononeuropathies. In mild cases of CTS, the sensitivity of the 2 diagnostic tools is very similar, but when the most sensitive electrodiagnostic tests and proximal CSA were considered together the sensitivity increases.