الفهرس 
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Abstract
It may well be that what we have hitherto understood
as architecture, and what we are beginning to
understand of technology, are incompatible disciplines.
The architect who proposes to run with technology
knows now that he is in fast company, and that in order
to keep up he may have to discard his whole cultural
load, including the professional garments by which he is recognized as an architect, If, on the other hand, he
decides not to do this, he may find that a technological
culture has decided to go on without him.’t 1
Since World War II, and especially in the past decade, “systems analysis” and Operations Research” have extended their methological techniques to many fields of government, industry, planning, warfare, commerce, pure science, and many other unrelated areas. Architects did not use or even think abut using potentialities offered by systems analysis and operations research.
Systems analysis can be understood as nothing more than a set of techniques that enables someone to see isolated objects, or a series of events, as interconnected and mutually dependent. Arthur Hall, a system expert at Bell Labs, describes a system as any set of objects with relationships between the objects and between their attributes. Hall goes on to the ideas of environment, “For a given system, the environment is the set of all objects outside the system, 1: a change in whose attributes affect the system, and 2: whose attributes are changed