الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF THE VENOUS SYSTEM OF THE LOWER LIMBOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Varicose veins are one of the most common vascular problems that appear in
large portion of the population affecting about 10-40% of the age group between
30-70 years old being more common in the elderly population as well as it is more
commonly seen in females, during pregnancy period and with occupations
requiring prolonged standing time.
Varicose veins are abnormally enlarged and tortuous vessels caused by
incompetent valves in the venous system that allow blood leakage or reflux. They
are the visible surface manifestations of an underlying syndrome of venous in
sufficiency. Venous insufficiency syndrome allow venous blood to escape from its
normal flow pathway and flow in retrograde direction.
Symptoms associated with varicose veins are burning pain, throbbing,
swelling, feeling of heaviness, skin pigmentation, ulceration and thrombophlebitis.
First line treatment of varicose veins includes conservative methods such as:
exercise, weight reduction, elevation of the legs avoidance of prolonged
immobility and compression therapy. When these measures failed other measures
are considered.
Good understanding of the anatomy and associated anomalies together with
high skilled professional radiologist and high quality Doppler equipped ultrasound
machine are cornerstone in treatment.
The newest techniques for vein ablation use thermal energy delivered to the
endovenous wall by means of laser or by radiofrequency (RF) heating or by foam
sclerotherapy. These may be the first truly new approaches to vein treatment in the
past years.