الفهرس 
acknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Currently the Eastern Harbor of Alexandria (Fig. 1. 1 ) plays an important role as one
of the fishing docks, and acts as an important water-sporting center in Alexandria city.
Recently the important of the Eastern Harbor increased by the discovery of thousands of
submerged archaeological artifacts representing significant era of the ancient Alexandria.
To protect and conserve this uncompressible human heritage, it was proposed to implement
an under water museum in part of the harbor.
According to knowledge on the state of the environment in the harbor, both water
health and transparency could limit the success of the museum project. In fact, the marine
environment in the harbor experienced about 25 years of receiving heavy discharge of
sewage from Alexandria city. It was estimated that the area received an amount of
untreated sewage attained 183 x 1 06 m3/yr through several outfalls and 35 x l 06 m3/yr
(:::: 96 x I 03 n13 Id) through eleven submerged minor outfalls distributed along its shoreline
(El-Sharkawi. 1978 and Aboul-Kassim, 1987). The Eastern Harbor also receives extra
wastes from anchored fishing boats and from the shipyard situated at its western part.
Beside these. and due to local water circulation, the harbor occasionally exposed to receive
an additional amount of sewage wastes from outside through its two openings (El-Boughaz
and EJ-SilsiLi, Fig.I.!).
In spite of the complete close of sewage outfalls inside the harbor since 1993,
eutrophication is frequently observed in the harbor, especially in summer (Ismael and
Halim, 2000 I. In fact, the remobilization of historically deposited organic matter on bed’s
harbor and their remobilization into nutrients seem to be the main actor provoking the
development of eutrophication in the Eastern Harbor marine environment. However,
eutrophication besides resuspension of deposited material is the main factor.