الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but a group of disorders of varying etiology and pathogenesis that are characterized by an elevated blood glucose concentration; insulin deficiency or decreased insulin action; abnormalities of glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism; and the development of both acute. Characteristic pathologic changes in the nerves and small blood vessels, and aggravation of atherosclerosis and the main risks to health are its characteristic long-term complications include cardiovascular disease (doubled risk), chronic renal failure (it is the main cause for dialysis in developed world adults), retinal damage which can lead to blindness and is the most significant cause of adult blindness in the non-elderly in the developed world, to gangrene with risk of amputation of toes. Glucosamine is a naturally occurring amino-sugar, found largely in cartilage, which is known to play an important role in the health and resilience of joints. It is a major building block of complex proteins called glycosaminoglycans which form a component of the structure of cartilage. Glucosamine dietary supplements are widely available in the UK and throughout Europe and the world to support joint health for aging individuals and for people with intensive physical activity, e.g.
sport nutrition. It is typically extracted from chitin, which can be found in
shellfish waste, primarily of Asian (typically Chinese) origin.
Glucosamine is available in two main forms.