الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF THE AORTAOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 116 |  |  |
| | | from | 116 | | |
Abstract
There is increasing use of endovascular stents to treat aortic diseases, and multidetector CT with 2D reformation and 3D rendering plays an essential role in the imaging of these patients. It is important for the radiologist not only to detect the pathologic condition but to provide the referring clinician with the necessary pre- and post–stent placement information to determine appropriate clinical care. (Marchelle et al, 2008).
Most diseases of aorta are serious or lifethreatening conditions for which surgical treatment is associated with a relatively high mortality rate (7%–12% in elective cases and up to 40% in emergency situations) ( Oliva et al, 2005 ).
The recent development of aortic stent-grafts, aimed at reducing the morbidity and mortality resulting from the treatment of various diseases affecting aorta, has brought the management of these diseases into the realm of interventional radiology ( Oliva et al, 2005 ).
Vascular imaging is crucial in evaluating patient eligibility for endovascular treatment, selecting the appropriate stent-graft, and planning the intervention. Crossing tortuous anatomy and positioning the stent-graft with precision are sometimes difficult or impossible without endovascular expertise and appropriate catheter technology. Follow-up imaging and treatment of adverse events also require knowledge of vascular and interventional radiology. Radiologists, who are already accustomed to using imaging and interventional materials and techniques, are in the ideal position to be involved with these interventions. In addition, radiologists should be aware of possible associated complications so that they can prevent or treat these complications ( Oliva et al, 2005 ).
Post operative assessment of stent graft is based primarily on the results of CT using IV iodinated contrast to assess endoleak ,in patients with renal insufficiency (serum creatinine more than 2.0 mg/dl ) , another methods to assess grafts are color Doppler sonography and MR angiography but its limited in some grafts because of metal artifact that may obscure the flow lumen and aortic sac (Quinn et al, 1994) .
Indications for and experience with placement of endovascular stent-grafts in aorta are still evolving. Common pathologic conditions of aorta that are amenable to stent placement include penetrating ulcers, aortic dissection, aortic aneurysms, aortic rupture, and congenital abnormalities (Fishman et al, 2008 ).
Advances in multidetector computed tomography (CT) permit High quality two-dimensional multiplanar reformation and threedimensional rendering, which are essential for comprehensive assessment of the thoracic aorta. The ability of multidetector CT to allow detailed evaluation in any plane or perspective enables detection of aortic disease and assessment of its relationship to normal vessels. Potential complications of endovascular stent placement include endoleaks, stent migration, pseudoaneurysms, dissection, aortic perforation, kinking, thrombosis, and coverage of vital branch vessels. It is important for the radiologist to not only detect pathologic conditions of the aorta but also to provide the referring clinician with the necessary pre- and postprocedure information to determine appropriate clinical care ( Fishman et al ,2008 ).