الفهرس 
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Abstract
A total of 270 apparently healthy cows were investigated in the present work from one dairy herd to obtain a base population mean data with approximately 80% confidence limits of some blood and serum constituents; and then 3 groups of cows were estimated according to milk yield for each group at the day of sampling each group contained 7 cows (high, middle yielding and dry) to apply the profile test in the examined herd.
Blood samples for haemoglobin and packed cell volume were taken from all animals; other blood samples were taken for blood glucose estimation, lastly blood samples for serum separation were taken for the determination of total proteins, albumin, globulins, cicium, inorganic phosphorus , magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper and urea. Some relations were obtained also as Albumin/Globulin ratio, calcium /phosphorus ratio and calcium/magnesium ratio.
Results showed that, all herds with sever subclinical hypocupraemia. High yielding cows had significant decrease of serum proteins from middle yielders, significant lower serum calcium than the herd and dry cows, highly significant lower serum inorganic phosphorus than herd, and significant lowering of haemoglobin than herd. Middle yielders group had significant lower serum calcium than the herd, also significant lower magnesium levels than the herd and high yielders group and very highly significant lower magnesium than dry group, also significant variation in calcium/magnesium ratio compared with dry group. Dry cows had significant higher in both potassium and packed cell volume but were significant lower in blood glucose than’ the herd, also significantly higher in magnesium than herd but highly significantly lower in urea value than herd, high, middle yielders groups, also showed lower but not significant lower serum copper than herd and high, middle yielders.
It was concluded that the profile test can be used with success in screening a sub-clinical deficient dairy herd especially for copper. The statistical significant differences inbetween the group of apparently healthy animals can predict impending out breaks of metabolic disease especially in hypoglycenic cases.
We concluded also after our addition of confidence limits for each group we can screen individuals within the herd suffering from sub-clinical disorders. It is sufficient to apply the profile test in Egyptian dairy herds to estimate the blood serum calcium, inorganic phosphorous, magnesium, copper, and blood glucose.
It must be plainly stated that the profile test is merely an aid to preventive veterinary medicine.