الفهرس 
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Abstract
Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi play an important role in phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soil. In this study the effects of VAM fungi(Glomus mosseae and Glomus clarum) on mycorrhizal colonization, morphological parameters, biochemical analysis, Cd and Pb accumulation in maize and cowpea plants grown in Cd or Pb contaminated soils were investigated. Results indicated that mycorrhizal colonization of roots by VAM fungi and mycorrhizal spore number were reduced with heavy metals application. VAM fungi increased fresh and dry weights of both shoots and roots of maize and cowpea plants. Also inoculation of plants with VAM fungi increased the content of pigment fractions, total soluble protein, soluble carbohydrates content, antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase), acid, alkaline phosphatases activity, P and N compared to non-inoculated plants grown in both non-contaminated and heavy metals contaminated soils but all these contents decreased significantly with heavy metals. Finally, VAM fungal inoculation reduced Cd and Pb concentrations in plant shoots but increased their concentrations in roots in plants grown in soil polluted with these metals thus these fungi alleviate heavy metals toxicity by accumulating them in plant roots.