الفهرس 
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Abstract
The results presented in this investigation revealed the histological structure and histochemical aspects of the camel liver (camelus dramedarius) during prenatal development. Fourty fo~r embryos and fetuses of different ages were used in this investigation. The Glisson’s capsule showed its first appearance at the CVRL 9.5 cm. It was formed by two to three
layers of fibroblasts and very fine reticular fibres. with increasing CVRL, the capsule was formed of vascular fibrous connective tissue. The reticular fibres appeared in the CVRL 9.5 cm where found in the capsule and extend in advanced ages
toard the liver parenchyma and condensed in the portal areas, interlobular septa and around the blood vessels. Also the collagen fibres was found pericellularly in camel fetuses of CVRL 46 cm. The elastic fibres appeared in the liver of camel fetus of CVRL 20 cm. The liver parenchyma was endodermal in origin and the hepatocytes arranged in short cords or plates then increased in number and size to form the hepatic cords
which radially arranged around the central vein. The thickness of hepatic cords increased with the advancement CVRL. The hepatocytes were polyhedral in shape with spherical vesicular basophilic nuclei and acidophilic cytoplasm. The central vein appeared in camel fetuses of CVRL 18 cm. The central vein was decreased in diameter with the advancement of age. The blood sinusoids appeared in camel fetuses of CVRL 9.5 cm as wide spaces filled by hemopoietic cells. The portal area appeared in camel fetuses of CVRL ~2 cm and was formed from dense irregular connective tissue and contained one or two bile ducts and branch of hepatic artery and portal vein. The classical hepatic lobulation appeared in camel fetuses of CVRL 72 CM. The bile duct began to appear in camel fetuses of CVRL 22 cm and was lined by simple cuboidal epithelium. The bile canaliculi appeared in camel fetuses of CVRL 64 cm which gathered and poured in the bile duct. The hemopoietic foci were ~dermal in origin and started as group of hemopoietic cells at the CVRL 2.5 cm and reached up to peak at 38 cm CVRL then decline and dissappeared in camel fetuses of CVRL 90 cm.
The hepatic hemopoiesis in the present study was extravascular and intravascular hemopoiesis. The erythropoiesis started early and became clear at the CVRL 2.5 cm. Lymphopoiesis started at the CVRL 9.5 cm. A bilobed nucleus cells with acidophilic cytoplasm were detected at the CVRL 25-30 cm. The cells are indication for the starting of granulopoiesis and
in advanced age esinophils appeared. The Megakaryocytopoiesis
appeared in the camel fetuses of CVRL 3.8 cm. The cells were large and having one large nucleus or more than one nucleus or polymorphous nucleus. The hepatocytes showed faint reaction to PAS in camel fetuses of CVRL 4.7 cm but gave negative to Best’s Carmine. This reaction continued in advanced ages. The megakaryocytes and the connective tissue showed intense PAS positive material till the fetuses of CVRL 68 cm.
The reactivity of SDH, ATPase, alkaline and acid phosphatases, non specific esterase, DNA and RNA and sudan black were also revealed in this study.