الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out in the Laboratory of the Molecular Biology
Department at the Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute,
University of Sadat city, Egypt and the experimental farm, Cotton Research
Institute, Sakha, Kafr El- Sheikh, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt during the
period from 2010-2013.
The present study included two experiments. The first one concerned with
the study of 37 genotypes for morphological, yield and its components. The
seconed experiment was carried out under different molecular markers to
characterize the relationship between polymorphism and some quantitative traits.
Using different ways of plant genotyping, protein, SSR, ISSR and RAPD markers
to identify the relationship between morphological and yield characters and
molecular markers.
Mean performance for agronomic, yield and its components studied
characters:
For plant height (cm) the highest mean values were obtained from the
genotype G.87 followed by Dandra and P.H.P. while the lowest value were
obtained from Suven, G.89XPS6 and P62. For the position of the first fruiting
node the highest mean values were obtained from genotypes G.86, G.88 and G.68.
On the other hand, the lowest mean value were obtained from the genotype
Menuofi followed by Karchenky and G.75x Sea.
For the days to first flower the highest mean values were obtained from
G.86 followed by Ashmouni and G.76 while the most desirable lowest mean
values were obtained from the genotype Karchenky followed by G.93 and PS6.
Regarding the number of fruiting branches per plant the most desirable highest
mean values were obtained from genotype G.45, G.76 and Menuofi While the
lowest mean values were obtained from G.89XG.86, G.74 and G.86. The highest
mean values for the number of vegetative branches per plant were obtained from
G.68, G.76 and G.71. While the lowest mean values were obtained from PS6,
Suven and G.89XPS6. For the boll weight (B.W.) the highest mean values obtained from
10229XG.86, G89XG86 and G75XSea, while the lowest mean values were
obtained from G.85, G.89 and G.76. Concerning the seed cotton yield per plant
(S.C.Y./ P.) the highest mean values were obtained from genotypes C.B58, G.89
and Ashmouni, while the lowest mean values were obtained from G.77, Dandra
and BBB. Regarding the lint yield per plant (L.Y. / P.) the highest mean values
were obtained G.84 X (G.70XG.51B) X P62, C.B58 and G.89, while the lowest
mean values were obtained from G.77, Dandra and BBB.
For the lint percentage (L.%) the highest mean values were obtained from
P.H.P, G.85 and 10229XG.86, while the lowest mean values were obtained from
G.87, G.92 and G.88 . Concerning seed index (S.I), the highest mean values were
obtained from Dandra, 1022XG.86 and Ashmouni, while the lowest mean values
were obtained from G.76, G.87 and G.70. Regarding chlorophyll ratio the highest
mean values were obtained from genotypes Ashmouni, G.85 and BBB, while the
lowest mean values were obtained from genotypes G.70, G.76 and G.87.
For the Fiber length (F.L.), the highest mean values were obtained from
genotypes G.93, G.45 and G.70, while the lowest mean values were obtained from
Suven, PS6 and Karchenky. Regarding the Fiber fineness (F.F.), the highest mean
values were obtained from genotype Sea, Dandra and G.80, while the lowest mean
values were obtained from G.71, G.45 and G.80XPS6. Concerning the fiber
strength. (F.S.), the highest mean values were obtained from G.45, G.68 and G.92,
while the lowest mean values were obtained from BBB, G80 and Sea.
Total soluble protein analysis:
The bands have Mw 110 KDa, 60KDa and 50KDa were present in
genotypes which recorded the lowest mean values for plant height and were absent
genotypes recorded the highest mean values for plant height, these bands can be considered as a positive marker for plant height. The bands with Mw 95 KDa and
55KDa were present in genotypes which recoreded the highest mean values for
plant height and were absent in genotypes which recorded the lowest mean values
for plant height these bands can be considered as negative biochemical marker for plant height. The band with Mw 77 KDa was present in genotypes which recorded
the lowest mean values in (P.F.F.N) and was absent in genotypes which recorded
the highest mean values in (P.F.F.N), this band can be considered as a positive
marker for position of the first fruiting node.
The bands with Mw 50 and 42 KDa were present in genotypes which
recorded the highest mean values in boll weight (B.W.) and were absent in
genotype which recorded the lowest mean values for boll weight, this two bands
can be considered as positive markers for Boll weight.
The band with Mw 35KDa was present in genotype which recorded the
highest mean values in lint percentage (L. %), this band can be considered as
positive markers for lint percentage (L. %). The band has Mw 70 KDa can be
considered as a negative marker for chlorophyll content. The band with Mw
40KDa was present in genotype which recorded the highest mean values in lint
cotton yield (L.Y/P), this band can be considered as positive markers for lint
cotton yield (L.Y/P). Concerning the band has Mw 33 KDa can be considered as a
negative markers for fiber length (F.L.). Regarding the band has Mw 55 KDa can
be considered as a positive marker for fiber strength (F.S.).