الفهرس 
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Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out in the Research Center of Faculty of agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University (Toukh directorate, Kalubia governorate) during the two successive growing seasons of 2007/08 and 2008/09 to study the effect of bacterial inoculation with Azotobacters or Azospirillaum and mineral nitrogen fertilizaer on yield and yield components of three wheat cultivars.
The soil type of the experimental unit was clay of pH 8.04. The experiment included three wheat cultivars, three bacterial inoculation and four mineral N fertilizer rates. The experimental design was a split-split plot with three replications. The three wheat cultivars were allocated with main plots and three bacterial inoculation treatments were randomly in the sub plots. While, four mineral N fertilizer levels were randomly in the sub-sub plots. The area of each sub-sub plot was 10.5 m2 (3.5 width x 3.0 m long).
Treatments were as follows:
-Three wheat cultivars, i.e.
1- Sakha 94
2- Gemmaiza 9
3- Giza 168
- Biofertilizers (grains bacterial inoculation), i.e.
1- Uninoculation.
2- Grains Inoculation with Azotobactr.
3- Grains Inoculation with Azospirillaum.
- Nitrogen fertilizer rates, i.e.
1- Control (Without N).
2- 40 kg N /fad in the form of urea (46% N)
3- 80 kg N /fad in the form of urea (46% N).
4- 120 kg N /fad in the form of urea (46% N).
- Characters studied:-
At harvest, the guarded plants of one inner square meter from each sub-sub plot were harvested and the following criteria were estimated.
1- Plant height (cm).
2- Spike length (cm).
3- Number of tillers per m2.
4- Number of spike per m2.
5- Number of spikelets per spike.
6- Number of grains per spike.
7- Weight of spike (g).
8- Weight of 1000 grains (g).
9- Grain yield (kg/fad).
10- Straw yield (kg/fad).
11- Biological yield (kg/fad).
12-Harvest index.
Results could be summarized as follows:
1- Varietal differences.
1-1- Sakha 94 gave the highest value in plant height (122.1cm) in the second season only.
1-2- Gemmeiza 9 produced tallest spike (14.2 and 14.0 cm) in first and second seasons, respectively.
1-3- Giza 168 recorded the highest number of tillers/m2 (431 and 396 tiller), in the first and seconed seasons, respectively.
1-4- Giza 168 gave the best values of number of spike/m2 (420 and 389 spike) in first and second seasons, respectively.
1-5- Gemmeiza 9 gave the highest value values in Number of spikelets/spike (16.7 and 17.7 spikelets) in first and second seasons, respectively.
1-6- Gemmeiza 9 recorded the highest number of grains per spike (50.2 and 53.0 grain), in the first and second seasons, respectively.
1-7- Gemmeiza 9 significantly surpassed the other two cultivars in weight of spike in both seasons.
1-8- Gemmeiza 9 recorded higher values in seed index (51.38 and 51.19 g) in first and second seasons, respectively, compared with the other cultivars
1-9- Gemmeiza 9 was superior in grain, straw and biological yields/fad and ranked the first positions in both seasons.
1-10- Gemmeiza 9 was superior compared with the other cultivars and significantly surpassed them in harvest index in the first season only.
2- Effect of biofertlizer.
2-1- The inoculation of grains with Azotobacters gave a slight increase in plant height by 2.3 and 1.4 cm in the first and the second seasons, respectively compared with the control treatment (without inoculation).
2-2- In the first season revealed 15.70 and 11.57% increase in spike length infavour to inoculation with Azospirillaum and Azotobacters treatments, respectively compared with the control treatment
2-3- Azospirilum treatment recorded the highest values of number of tillers which were (418 and 392 tiller) in the first and second seasons, respectively.
2-4- Number of spikes increased by inoculation with Azospirillaum treatment by 13.33 and 10.91% compared to uninoculated plants in the first and second seasons, respectively.
2-5- The inoculation of grains with Azospirillaum gave a slight increase in number of spikelets/spike by 7.38 and 3.42% in the second season compared with inoculation of grains with Azotobacters and the control treatments
2-6-The inoculation of grains with Azospirillaum gave a slight increase in number of grains/spike by 3.18% in the second season, compared with the control treatment
2-7-The inoculation of grains with of Azotobacters and Azospirillaum gave increase in spike weight by 3.32 and 9.22% in the first season and by 9.17 and 9.49% in the second season, respectively, compared with the control treatment
2-8- Seed index increased by inoculation with Azospirillaum treatment by 8.71 and 5.99% in the first and second seasons, respectively compared to uninoculated plants.
2-9- Inoculation with Azotobacter treatment recorded the highest value of grain yield which was 2740 kg/fad in first seasons and inoculation with Azospirillum treatment in the second season was recorded 2744 kg/fed without significant difference between them in both seasons.
2-10- Straw yield increased by inoculation with Azospirillaum treatment by 10.56 and 10.64% in the first and second seasons, respectively compared to uninoculated plants.
2-11- Inoculation with Azospirillum treatment recorded the highest values of biological yield which were (7327 and 7438 kg/fad.) in first and second seasons, respectively.
2-12- The inoculation of grains with Azospirillaum gave a slight increase in harvest index by 0.61 and 1.99% in the first season and 0.71 and 1.45%in the second season compared with inoculation of grains with Azotobacters and the control treatments
3- Effect of nitrogen treatments.
3-1- The application of 120 kg/fad increased plant height (117.9, 120.0 cm) in the first and second seasons, respectively.
3-2- Nitrogen fertilization rate of (120 kg/fad) gave the highest spike length (15.5 and 13.7cm) in the first and second season, respectively.
3-3- Application nitrogen rate 120 kg/fad gave the highest number of tillers/m2 (408 and 387tiller) in both seasons, respectively.
3-4- The level of nitrogen 120 kg/fad increased number of spikes per square meter in both seasons.