الفهرس 
coverيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters in addition to conclusion. These can be summarized as follows:
Introduction:
The introduction includes the historical development of the basic photometric unit (luminous intensity) and the explanation of traceability, accreditation, intercomparison and
the aim of the present work . The later presents preparation of the working standard of HID lamps and an economical study of their application in lighting.
Chapter I: This chapter is principally concerned to the following :
1- method of calibration of the luminous flux of different lamp types used in illumination: The two methods of luminous flux measurements (Gioniophotometer and sphere photometer) and the corrections of sphere method are considered. To characterize the quality of the measurement
results, the concept of uncertainty should be taken into account.
2- economics of lighting system: In this respect the
factors affecting the cost of lighting system have been mentioned. Also the cost is divided to initial and running cost.
The running cost depends on the technical parameters of the lamp types such as The initial lumen output, maintenance and mortality curves.
Chapter II: In this chapter the high intensity discharge lamps (high pressure mercury, high pressure sodium and metal halide) have been seasoning ( using certain electric circuit) and
calibrated to prepare them as working standard. The experimental testing of such lamps has been carried out using an experimental arrangement applying sphere photometer. The results of testing show that the lamps of relative low voltage
can be stabilized rapidly and have suitable luminous flux repeatability. It has been found that the expand uncertainty of luminous flux calibration are ±2.59% for HPM, ±2.73 % for
HPS and ±2.83 % for MH.
Chapter III: In this chapter a comparative economical study has been carried out for road way lighting system containing HPM, HPS and MH lamps (the same lamps mentioned before),
the aim of such study is to reveal the influence of lamp type on the economics of such systems. The results of such study show that employing lamp of higher lumen output is the most economical in terms of ( L.E) per lux. The study includes some
input data concerning the local economical situation in Egypt.
It has been shown that it is preferred to use HPM system for pedestrian area and HPS system for conflict area.