الفهرس 
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Abstract
Children are a priceless resource, and that any nation which neglects them does so at its peril. Focus on child health is a developmental issue at all times and for all countries, thus children’s health is tomorrows wealth. Child health is responsibility of the individuals of the family, especially the mother, but the particular role of the governernent is to provide the support that will make it possible for parents, families and communities to fulfil their own responsibilities to children’s health (Mahler, 1964)
Children population form a vulnerable group which undergoes physical and mental development. They are more exposed to a variety of health hazards especially those related to infection and malnourishment (Khalil, 1 970)
Children are given special consideration for they are constantly undergoing physical, mental, emotional and social change whether during the early school year or puberty and adolescence. Also the pupils at the different age groups are exposed to:
— Stress and strain imposed by competition which way lead to different reactions including withdrawal oragrression response.
— Risk of communicable diseases If effective control programs ore not
foil owed.
— Accidents which form an important cause of death and disability in
school children (Khalil,1970).
Next to the influence of the family, the school may be the most widespread and powerful socialization agent. School is considered to be the source of most formal education and is acknowledged by many as the primary vehicle for social skill acqusition as well. School can be an important source of problem prevention, identification or remedation, or it can ignore, enhance, or even create physical problems and psychopathology. (Qua g,and Wernj, 1966).
Good scholastic achievement of the pupil depends on many ftctors. Good physical and mental health is necessary for successful education. Visual and hearing deficiencies and other chronic conditions interfere with effective learning process.
School absenteesim or in other words disability days are recently used as a measure of health status. So studies of absenteeism among school children may be of interest to physicians and nurses responsible for school health programe, and for socialists and psychologists responsible for good sociol relations and sound mental development.
Good scholastic achievement needs a good attendance rote, so if the causes of absenteeism collected (medical and non—medical) were studied end prevented this will be reflected on the educational process as o whole.