الفهرس 
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Abstract
Ovarian cysts are a common gynecological finding even in asymptomatic women. The gynecologist often finds these masses during a routine examination, or noted as an incidental finding on imaging studies, and as high-resolution transvaginal ultrasound becomes more widely available, asymptomatic cysts are diagnosed with increasing frequency.
The prevalence of these ovarian cysts among young women is high and the majority of these lesions are benign in nature. A large proportion of benign ovarian cysts is functional in nature.
The aim of the work was to investigate the rate of occurrence of adnexal lesions and ovarian findings in a random sample of asymptomatic reproductive age women, ultimately, early detection and appropriate management for the detected cases.
The present study included 300 women all were asymptomatic and regularly menstruating, presented to outpatient clinic of the ”SHATBY MATERNITY UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL” for either leucorrhoea or seeking for contraceptive method. Their age ranged between 20 – 40 years. Any woman being pregnant, having history of prior pelvic surgery, recent hormonal therapy or hormonal contraceptive method 3 months before the study, or recent induction of ovulation 3 months before the study was excluded.
Selected women had been subjected to thorough history taking (with emphasis on menstrual and gynecologic history.), thorough clinical examination: general, abdominal and per vaginal examination, and transvaginal sonografy (TVS).
Cases with discovered adnexal pathology were asked to do serum CA125 level test, and then were followed up after 3 months by another TVUS examination unless immediate intervention was indicated.
This study included 300 asymptomatic patients, adnexal lesions were found in33 cases (11%), 19 of them are functional ovarian cysts 6.3%, which represent 57.6%of the detected cases. Most cysts detected are small in size < 5 cm. almost all cases accidentally discovered have normal serum level of CA125.
There was no statistically significant difference between cases without ovarian cyst and those with ovarian cyst according to the age, gravidity, parity, and number of abortions or the contraceptive method.
CA125 serum level was statistically significant lower in functional cysts than in other adenaxal lesions, but there is no statistically significant correlation between value of CA125 and ovarian size.
At follow-up 3 months later, the present study found that 80% of the cysts had disappeared spontaneously. So expectancy in the treatment of ovarian lesions in reproductive age women is reasonable and safe, taking into account the woman’s family history and strict ultra-sonographic criteria for benign ovarian cysts.
The study concluded that adnexal lesions are common in reproductive age women and spontaneous resolution occurs in 80 % of the detected cases on follow up after 3 months.