الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is compromised of two major disorders: ulcerative colitis and crohn’s disease. These disorders have distinct pathologic and clinical characteristics but their pathogenesis remains poorly understood.
IBD is a disease of developed nations due to change in life style, diet and environmentalexposure.
The etiology and pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear, but it seems to be multifactorial.
The current hypothesis is inappropriate activation of the mucosal immune system in a genetically susceptible host and this activation is triggered by unknown environmental factors.
Assessment of IBD activity is important in the prognosis of the disease and also in the therapeutic decision making.
Diagnosis of IBD is based on the clinical data, laboratory findings such as CBC, acute phase proteins, serum albumin and other serological markers (ANCA,ASCA) and with stool studies such as faecal calprotectin. But Ileocolonoscopy is the best tool for the diagnosis and follow up of IBD due to direct visualization of the intestinal mucosa and the ability to take multiple biopsies for histopathological analysis.
Also radiologic diagnosis and assessment of IBD activity could be done using barium studies, CT and MRI enteroclonography.
The production of TNFα and PTX3 seems to be critical in both UC and CD, resulting in the recruitment of effector cells that contribute to the development of bowel inflammation and tissue damage.
Investigators found that treatment of CD patients with anti – TNFα antibodies could inhibit production of TNF – α in mononuclear cells obtained from patients as well as it can improve the CD activity index and the endoscopic findings.
Also PTX3 level was found to increase in some auto immune diseases and also it was found in the neutrophils which found in crypt abscesses.
The aim of this study is to determine the serum level of both TNFα and PTX3
and elucidate their usefulness as inflammatory markers in inflammatory bowel disease.
The present study included 70 patients (35 patients with CD and 35 patients with U.C) during different phases of activity, also 20 healthy persons as a control group were included.
In the present study, the UC disease activity was assessed clinically using true love and witt’s classification, endoscopically using baron index and also histopathologically .while, the CD activity was assessed clinically using crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI), endoscopically using endoscopic score for crohn’s disease (SES
– CD) and histologically using histological findings.
Abdominal pain was the predominant