الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present clinical studies were carried out to investigate the equine metabolic syndrome (EMS)-laminitis in horses and Ponies under local management conditions. The studies were applied on a total number of 85 horses (25 Balady, 25 Thoroughbred and 35 Arabians) and 27 Ponies, their age and BCS ranged between 3 – 19 years and 5 – 9 respectively. Horses and Ponies were managed in private stables and clubs and fed on unmeasured and unidentified quantity and composition ration.
The investigated horses and Ponies were divided into non-obese (healthy) group, obese group and laminitic group. Body condition score (BCS), vital signs, hematological and biochemical constituents were investigated. Glucose challenge test group and combined glucose insulin test were applied.
Results revealed that obese horses and Ponies with BCS from 7-9 showed manifestations of EMS and laminitis.
EMS-laminitis cases were confirmed by significant correlation between BCS and fasting levels of insulin, glucose and leptin, in addition to significant increase of triglycerides and GGT.