الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis presents the results of studies of isolation of pure culture of precocious line of E.tenella and used for induction of immunity in day old chickens. 2500 Anak male chickens were used for this purpose. In another trial, 600 three weeks old SC and TK chickens were used for differentiation between E.tenella
strains.
First experiment was conducted for isolation and characterization of precocious line of E.tenella and using of oocyst production and body weight as a parameter for differentiation between the precocious line of E.tenella and the virulent strain of E.tenella. Chickens were injected with 1000 oocyst of Ml-SP-11 E. tenella and the second group birds were injected with the same dose of Ml-C-11 E.tenella the third group were kept as a control , at 28 day chickens were challenged by 1000 oocyst of Ml-C-11 E.tenella and fecal material were collected from 5 day post challenge till the end of prepatent period and the oocysts were counted.
In the second experiment chickens were grouped , at day old the first group chickens were injected with 1000 oocyst of M1-SP-15 E.tenella, the second group chickens were injected with 1000 oocyst of M1-C-15 E. tenella, the third group chickens were kept as a control non infected. Fecal samples were collected 5 day post infection and oocyst were counted. At 28 day all group were challenged with 103 oocyst of M1-C-15 E.tenella, and the oocyst were collected and counted Studies of reproduction and immunizations of precocious lines detected that the oocyst output from chickens inoculated with the precocious lines were lower than that which inoculated with the virulent strains. On challenge with 1000 oocyst of Ml-C-15 E. tenella at 28 day, noninamunized chickens yielded 139 as much as the oocyst output from Ml-SP-15 E.tenella inoculated birds. At 7 days while there is an increase in body weight of Ml-SP-15 inoculated birds there is DROP in body weight of nonimmunized and challenged birds.
In experiment 3, first group of chickens were inoculated with 103 oocyst (1)f MI-SP-20 E. tenella, in the second group chickens were infected with 103 ooyst of ml-sp15-r5 relaxed strain of E. tenella, in the third group chickens were infected with 10 3 oocyst of M1-C-20 E. tenella, in the fourth group chickens were infected with 10 3 oocyst of Ml-C-20 at 28 day old and in the fifth group chickens were kept as a control group. The first three groups were challenged at 28 day old with
1000 oocyst of Ml-C-20 E.tenella.
Studies on the stability of the attenuation on Ml-SP15-R5 E.tenella confe ned that no reversion occured.
In experiment 4, this experiment were done to differentiate between the precocious strain of E.tenella and the virulent strain by using different disinfec ant and how these are affected on oocyst permeability and the sporulation percent4ges. from this study of the effect of disinfectant on the oocyst wall of E. tenellla, we found that disinfectant have powerful effect on permeability and sporulation of all
strains.
from histological studies there were a significant differences between precocious line and the virulent strain of E. tenella, the second generation schi onts of the precocious lines was smaller in size and contain a fewer number of merozoites. The oocyst of the precoicous lines appeared 24 hr less than the ent
strain.
Experiment 5, this experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of USDA E. tenella and wild E. tenella injection on the immunogenicity of SC and TK chickens. Chickens were injected with 104 oocyst of each strain at 3 week old and challenged 4 weeks later with the same dose of each strain. The oocyst, lesion scoring , NO2 analysis and lymphocyte subpopulations were used as a
parameter for differentiation.
Study of Lymphocyte subpopulation, in SC and Sexsal birds after infection with either USDA E.tenella or wild E. tenella detected that SC birds showed an increased in T lymphocytes.
Study of NO2 production, Sexsal birds showed high NO2 production after infection with wild E. tenella while SC birds showed high NO2 production after USDA E. tenella.