الفهرس 
Germinated embryos from Balady mandarin seedOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study was carried out in plant tissue culture laboratories, Department of
plant biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute
(GEBRI), Sadat City University and South El-Tahrir research station, Horticulture
Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt,
during the period from 2008 to 2013. This work aimed to:
I. Production of in vitro scions of Balady mandarin by use different explants (shoot
tips, nucellar embryos and cotyledon).
II. Genetic examinations of germinated embryos arise on Balady mandarin seeds to
determined nucellar embryos and sexual embryo by using PCR methods.
III. Factors affecting grafting of in vitro produced Balady mandarin scions on in vivo
grown volkamarina rootstocks in greenhouse.
1- Micropropagation of Balady mandarin.
a. Explants sterilization
Experiment (1): Effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) concentrations on
contamination and survival percentage of shoot tips and seeds of
Balady mandarin.
Shoots tips and seeds of Balady mandarin explants were sterilized in the
laminar air flow chamber using different concentrations of NaOCl (1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and
4.5% v/v) for 15 minutes and 70% ethanol for 5 seconds. Results cleared that:
- Shoot tips and seeds which were sterilized with NaOCl (3.5 and 4.5%) and 70%
ethanol for 5 seconds, recorded the highest number of sterilized explants (70% and
80% for shoots tips, 72% and 84% for seeds, respectively).
-The high concentration of NaOCl (4.5%) the low shoots and seeds survival percent (24
and 36%, respectively). the lowest concentration of NaOCl (1.5 and 2.5%)
possessed the highest survival percent for both shoots (100 and 90%, respectively)
and seeds (100 and 96%, respectively).