الفهرس 
NORMAL ANATOMY AND BIOLOGY OF THE HAIROnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of alopecia in both men and women. Etiology of AGA is due to genetic, hormonal and the age play an important role. Treatment of AGA includes topical minoxidil, systemic antiandrogen, PRP, laser and hair transplantation.
Many different types of soaps and shampoos used for hair cleaning, and many hair care products and chemicals used for hair styling could be considered a factor that influence hair growth.
One hundred females with AGA were included in this study. They were recruited consecutively from the Dermatology outpatient clinic at Ain Shams¬ University Hospital, Cairo, in the period from June 2012 to June 2013.
Patients age ranged from 17 to 50 years (y) with a mean of 32.12 ± 9.29 y. They were further classified into early onset AGA with age ranging from 17 to 35 years, this group included 46 patients (46%) and late onset AGA with age ranging from 35 to 50 years, this group included 54 patients (54%).
Patients were classified by Ludwig classification into 3 types according to severity of AGA into, mild type 56 patients(56%),moderate type 38 patients (38%) and severe type 6 patients (6%).
A questionnaire was prepared, that included socioeconomic data, risk factors, life style, hair care, hair loss (duration, severity), diet, general health, drug administration and stress. Questionnaires were completed by face to face interview.
The questionnaire was prepared in English. Results obtained concerning each item were presented in the form of cross tabulation between variables.
Our study showed that the percentage of early onset AGA is high in our society(46%), and the mild severity of AGA was the highest(56%).
BMI was higher in patients with late onset AGA, but no significant relation between severity of AGA and BMI. In our study only 3 patients were smokers and there was a non significant association between smoking and onset of AGA. In addition, we did not find association between severity of AGA and smoking.
Our study showed that after dermatological examination 5 patients had melasma, 3 patients had acne vulgaris, 2 patients had vitiligo and only 1 patient had seborrheic dermatitis. We did not find a specific relation to these dermatoses in our study.
The current study demonstrates a non significant association between wearing hejab (the Islamic head cover) or its fabric and onset or severity of AGA. There was a significant association between using soap and late onset AGA, which could be due to type, ingredient or frequency of use.
No significant association between hair conditioner use and onset of AGA.
Our study shows that when there is a family history in both parents, there is increase in incidence of AGA in the offsprings. We found that there is a significant association between maternal and mixed family history and late onset AGA, also there is a significant association between early onset AGA and paternal family history which indicates that AGA is polygenic (complex inheritance) and is inherited from either or both sides of the family.
Our study showed a significant association between weight loss diet and early onset AGA, but no association between diet of preference and onset of AGA. Anemia and exposure to stress are risk factors to develop AGA.
from this study , it can be concluded that AGA became a major type of hair loss complaint between Egyptian females especially young females. Many potential risk factors were found to be associated with the disease as increased BMI, chemical use, family history, weight loss diet, anemia and stress. Avoidance of such risky factors or early treatment may help improve the disease.