الفهرس 
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bioinformatics is a pluri-disciplinary sciencefocusing on the applications of computational methods and mathematical statistics to molecular biology. Bioinformatics is also called: 1) Computational Biology (USA) 2) Computational Molecular Biology 3) Computational Genomics Studying bioinformatics is so important because it is an opportunity to use some of the most interesting computational techniques to understand some of the deep mysteries of life and diseases and hopefully to contribute to cure some of the diseases that affect people.Bioinformatics combines algorithms in computer science and statistics to analyze, understand, and engageinhypothesis about the large repositoriesof collected biological data and knowledge. One of the most important topics in bioinformatics is sequence alignment or sequence comparison which we are concerned with it in this thesis. In comparison of bimolecular sequence (i.e., those of DNA, RNA, and protein), regions of high sequence similarity often indicate significant functional or structural similarity as well. The same and related molecular structures and mechanisms are reused and modified during evolution, and thus show up repeatedly within either a single genome or across the genome of a wide variety of species. As a result, sequence comparison is the most commonly used method for inferring structure and biological function. Of course, sequence can have similar structure and function without exhibiting sequence similarity. Sequence comparison is also the first step for many problems in computational biology, such as evolutionary tree reconstruction, genome analysis, and classification of viruses that belong to specific family of viruses. One of the most important methods to understand the life cycle of viruses is to construct mathematical model describing through it the six stepslytic cycle of a virus.