الفهرس 
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Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the most troublesome nosocomial opportunistic pathogens for health care institutions globally especially between Intensive Care Units (ICUs) patients, particularly with increasing resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones and emerging MDR strains.
The current study was undertaken to investigate the susceptibility of local clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii to different antibiotics, and to investigate the prevalence and the most prevalent mechanisms of carbapenem resistance.
A total of 220 specimens were collected and comprised of 182 different clinical specimens from ICUs at Zagazig University Hospitals, 27 hospital environmental samples, and 11 non-hospital environmental samples. The specimens yielded a total of 32 (14.5%) A. baumannii isolates, comprising of 24 isolates from clinical specimens, 7 from hospital environmental samples and one from non-hospital environmental samples with isolates rates of 13.2%, 25.9% and 9%, respectively. The isolates were identified based on morphological, biochemical and molecular methods.
The susceptibility profile of Acinetobacter baumannii to different antimicrobial agents was performed. The isolates showed resistance rates of 75% to each of imipenem, meropenem and ceftazidime. Resistance rates of 81.25%, 78.1% and 71.9% were found to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and pipracillin, respectively. The highest resistance rates (84.4%) were found for each of cefepime and cefuroxime. Resistance rates for ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and levofloxacin were exhibited as 68.75% and 65.6%, 46.88%, respectively. Resistance rates of 65.6% were found for each of amikacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, whereas the resistance rate to gentamicin was 59.37%. On the other hand, all isolates (100%) were found to be susceptible to colistin.
Out of the 32 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, only 24 isolates were MDR (75%) including resistance to imipenem and meropenem. Fifty percent (12/24) of MDR isolates were resistant (12 isolates) to all tested antimicrobials except colistin.