الفهرس 
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Abstract
Poultry is one of the most important reservoirs of Salmonellae
that can be transmitted to humans through the food-chain causing high
risk of bacterial food poisoning.
Pathogenesis of Salmonella depends on a large number of factors
controlled by an array of genes responsible for the actual virulence of
Salmonella. Furthermore, multidrug resistance of Salmonella to
commonly used antimicrobials is increasing both in the veterinary and
public health sectors and has emerged as a global problem that lead to
treatment failure.
Therefore, the outcome of this work was to assess the value of
using PCR in rapid detection of virulence genes among multi drug
resistant (MDR) Salmonellae which is of utmost importance to
establish effective infection control measures in Sharkia Governorate.
In the present work, bacteriological examination of 300 samples
from broiler internal organs (liver, spleen and heart) with a previous
history of diarrhea revealed 30 salmonella isolates (10%)
Conventional methods for isolation and identification of
Salmonella isolates from chickens showed that Salmonella appeared
as colorless colonies on MacConkey’s agar medium. It gave the
characteristic slightly transparent zone of reddish color with or
without black center on XLD agar medium and colorless colonies with
black center on SS agar medium. It appeared as Gram negative,
straight rods, non spore forming and arranged singly, in pairs and in
groups. Moreover, Salmonella isolates were citrate test positive (blue