الفهرس 
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Abstract
A prospective study of 165 cases suffering sinusitis on the base of clinical and radiological findings has been established in physical and operating room of ENT department of Zagazig University Surgery Hospitals. These samples were collected monthly all over one year during the period from August 2009 to July 2010.
Seasonally, the highest number of cases with sinusitis (66 cases) were found in winter followed by autumn (38 cases), Spring (37 cases) and Summer (24 cases). These cases were 72 male (43.6%) and 93 female (56.4%).
92 species belonging to 31 genera in addition to some yeast isolates were obtained during this study.
Aspergillus and Penicillium were the most common etiological agents isolated in high frequency of occurrence.
Fifteen fungal species were chosen for farther study, namely: Aspergillus avenaceus, A. flavus, A. flavus var. columnaris., A. fumigatus, A. glaucus, A. oryzae, A. tetrazonus, A. ustus, Beauveria bassiana, Fusarium solani, Malbranchea pulchella, Metarhizium anisopliae, Paecilomyces lilacinus, P. variotii and Trichoderma longibrachiatum.
The present investigation was carried out to open a new area for the possibility of using some plant essential oils extracts as antifungal agents and comparing them with some synthetic antifungal drugs.
Descendingly, the antifungal activity of these drugs was: Terbinafine > Nystatin > Amphotericin B > Ketoconazole > Itraconazole > Fluconazole > Griseofulvin.
Descendingly, the antifungal activity of these oils was: Thyme > Fennel > Lemongrass > peppermint > Caraway.
MIC and SLC for F. vulgare, C. citratus, and T. capitatus against A. fumigatus were 0.5 & 0.1μl/ml, 0.1 & 0.05μl/ml and 0.1 & 0.05μl/ml while P. variotii were 0.5 & 0.1μl/ml, 0.1 & 0.05 μl/ml and 0.1 & 0.05 μl/ml) respectively.
Light microscopy micrographs showed morphogenesis changes including distortion in mycelia, conidiophores, chlamydospores and conidia which confirmed by SEM micrographs, while TEM studies showed changes in ultra structure of cells including cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm and cell organelles as mitochondria.