الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study is designed to evaluate the protective effect of garlic oil, onion oil and their mixture on valproic acid (VPA)-induced hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity in experimental rats.
Animals were divided into five groups: Group 1 (control) was orally given the equivalent volume 10% tween 20 (as vehicle) six days per week by gastric intubation for four weeks. Group 2 (administered VPA) was treated via the same route as normal group for 2 weeks, and then it was treated with valproic acid at a dose level of 500 mg/kg b. wt dissolved in distilled water during the last two weeks. Group 3 was orally treated with onion oil at a dose level of 100 mg/kg b. wt (dissolved in 10% tween 20) six days per week for four weeks and valproic acid at a dose level of 500 mg/kg b. wt (dissolved in distilled water) six days per week during the last two weeks of the experiment. Group 4 was orally treated with garlic oil at a dose level of 100mg/kg b. wt (dissolved in 10% tween 20) six days per week for four weeks and valproic acid at a dose level of 500 mg/kg b. wt (dissolved in distilled water) six days per week during the last two weeks of the experiment. Group 5 (VPA-administered group treated with both onion oil and garlic oil) was orally treated with a mixture of garlic and onion oils at a dose level of 100 mg/kg b. wt (dissolved in 10% tween20) six days per week for four weeks and valproic acid as indicated in groups 3 and 4.
The results of the present study showed that VPA caused a marked elevation in serum enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and CK-MB) activities and also increased levels of total bilirubin, uric acid and creatinine. VPA administration significantly decreased serum levels of total protein and albumin.
VPA administration significantly decreased total thiol and glutathione contents and glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and peroxidase activities in liver, kidney and heart. It also led to significant elevation in lipid peroxidation as well.
The treatment of valproic acid-administered rats with onion and/or garlic oil successfully improved these deleterious effects of organ function and antioxidant defense effects.
Based on these data, it can be concluded that onion and garlic oils have protective effects against VPA-induced hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. These protective effects may by mediate via suppression of oxidative stress and improvement of the anti-oxidant defense system.
Key Words
Valproic acid; organ function; garlic oil; onion oil.