الفهرس 
Myocardial InfarctionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Myocardial infarction (MI) can be recognized by clinical features, including electrocardiographic (ECG) findings, elevated values of biochemical markers (biomarkers) of myocardial necrosis, and by imaging, or may be defined by pathology. MI may be the first manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD) or it may occur, repeatedly, in patients with established disease.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are endogenous, 20-25 nucleotide long non-coding RNAs that function as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression by specifically interaction with certain mRNAs by inducing their degradation or repressing their translation. According to the latest miRBase database 20.0 more than 2000 mature miRNAs have been identified in humans and at least one-third of human protein-coding genes seem to be miRNA regulated.
The fact that most miRNA species are remarkably stable and readily detectable in blood makes them excellent candidate biomarkers for various diseases, including myocardial infarction and heart failure.
The aim of this study is to asses whether the gene expression of circulating microRNA-499 (miRNA-499) is a useful potential molecular marker for myocardial injury in humans, by using real time PCR technique.
Circulating concentration of cardiac-enriched miR-499 was measured by quantitative PCR in a comparative cross-sectional observational study of 50 subjects divided into 2 patient groups including [15 patients with acute myocardial infarction (group A) and 20 patients with stable coronary artery disease (group B)] and 15 adult healthy volunteers (control group C).
The results of our present study can be summarized as follows:
There is statistically significant increase in CK-MB, S. Cholesterol and S. TAG among patients of group A compared to groups B and C.
There is statistically significant higher detection rate of cTnI among patients of group A compared to groups B and C.
There is statistically significant increase in the relative miRNA-499 quantity (RQ) level by 2.202 fold among patients of group A compared to patients of group B and by 3.187 fold compared to control group.
There is statistically significant increase in relative miRNA-499 unit (RU) among patients compared to controls and patients of group A compared to group B.
There is statistically significant increase in relative miRNA-499 unit (RU) among patients gave +ve cTnI (group A) compared to groups B and C gave –ve cTnI.
As regards to the performance of relative miR-499 unit level for detection of AMI; test validity characters were evaluated at two cutoff points using ROC curve analysis. At cutoff value ≥12.17, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value are 100%, 85.7%, 75% and 100%, respectively while at cutoff value ≥12.31 the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value are 86.7%, 94.3%, 86.7% and 94.3% respectively with area under the curve 0.97.