الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 138 |  |  |
| | | from | 138 | | |
Abstract
The present study was suggested as an attempt to investigate the effects of sowing dates on growth, productivity and quality of some sugar pea cultivars under new reclaimed soils.
The field experiments was carried out at San Mark farm, El-Khatatba, Menofia governorate, Egypt, during the two successive seasons 2011/2012 and 2012/2013.
A split-plot system with three replications was used. The main plots were composed of five sowing dates, (the first of September, the mid- September, the first of October, mid-October and the first of November).whereas the cultivars were in the subplots.
The obtained results can be summarized as follows:
Vegetative characteristics:
Sowing in the first October led to an increase in plant length, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of the leaves and stems.
”Brotherton, Compadoss” Cultivars gave the highest values compared to the other sowing, while the superiority of cv Brotherton had significantly in the number of leaves per plant compared to other cultivars in both seasons. while the superiority of cv Compadoss had significantly in leaf area per plant gave highest values compared to other cultivars.
Sowing in the first of October with the cv ”Brotherton” had a significant affect in the plant length in both seasons. Sowing in 1st of October significantly differences on the leaf area compared to the other dates.
Interaction between sowing dates and cultivars gave insignificant effect on the stem diameter and the number of branches per plant compared to the other tested treatments in both seasons.
Interaction between sowing dates and cultivars show the influence of sowing dates on number of leaves per plant; the results were significantly affected by the plants of the third sowing (first of Oct.), gave the highest number of leaves, fresh and dry weight as compared with those of other dates, in both seasons. Due to the first of October were the most favorable for stimulating the vegetative growth of plants compared to the other tested treatments. As The high temperatures have a positive effect on the vegetative growth of the plant with the favorable cultivars for these conditions.
Brotherton and Compadoss cultivars produced the highest leaf and stem fresh weight than the other combination treatments.
The interaction between various sowing dates and different cultivars, there is no clear trend on dry weight of leaf and stem in the both seasons.
Sowing in first and mid-September gave the highest total chlorophyll comparing with other sowing dates.
Effect of cultivars of total chlorophyll Sugar Lace gave the highest total chlorophyll content of leaf in the both seasons as compared with the other investigated cultivars.
The interaction effects between sowing and cultivars of Sugar Lace and Compadoss cultivars gave the highest total chlorophyll on most of sowing dates, in both seasons comparing with other combinations treatments.
Flower characteristics:
The number of flowers was significantly affected by plants sowing on the first of November produced the lowest number of flowers per plant compared to those of other plantations.
As for the effect of cultivars, ”Snow Wind and Compadoss” gave the highest number of flowers in the two tested seasons as compared with the other investigated cultivars. Whearse ”Brotherton and ”Compadoss”, Cvs showed the significantly affect days number of flowering of 50% plants in both season.
The interaction between various sowing dates and different cultivars, showed first of October and first of September the significantly affect days number of flowering of 50% plants in first and second season respectively compared with other dates.
As for the effect of sowing dates sowing on mid of October and first of September showed the highest number of days to start flowering compared with sowing on the other dates.
“Compadoss” cultivar gave the highest values number of days to start flowering comparing other cultivars.
As for the effect of Sowing dates sowing on the first of November gave the highest values percent of fruit set
Regarding the influence of different cultivars on fruit set Brotherton Sugar snap Cultivars was highest values compared with other cultivars of the fruit setting
Yield characteristics:
The effects of sowing dates, cultivars and their interactions on pod width and length indicated that no clear trend was detected on the pod width and length in the two seasons.
The effect of sowing dates on the number of pods per plant was, significantly, as sowing on the first of October, gave the highest values as compared with the other sowing dates.
The influence of different cultivars on number of pods, ”Brotherton and Snow wind” cultivars produced the highest number of pods respectively compared with other cultivars in both seasons.
The interaction of sowing dates and cultivars showed a significantly in pod yield, total pods per feddan and marketable yield whereas the fourth sowing date (15th of October) and third date(1st of October) had a significant difference compared other dates, Meanwhile cv“ Compadoss gave a highest significantly compared to other cultivars, whereas ”Brotherton” and ”Compadoss”, Cvs gave significantly values compared other cultivars due to favorable climatic conditions,
The interaction, showed that sowing Brotherton cultivars on 1stof September and Compadoss on the mid of October produced the highest numbers of pods, yields than the other combination treatments.
Chemical constituents:
As for total carbohydrate, there were no significant differences among sowing dates cultivars or their interaction in both seasons.
As for fiber content or total soluble solid, there were insignificant effects among the sowing dates or cultivars and their interaction in both seasons.
Respecting the effects of sowing dates on ascorbic acid, sowing on the mid of October gave the highest values of the total ascorbic acid of green pods compared with the other sowing dates.
The effect of cultivars on ascorbic acid, Sugar lace pods contained the highest values compared to other cultivars in the both seasons.
The interaction between sowing dates and cultivars indicated that sowing on the 1st and 15th of September as well as 15thof October and cv ”Sugar lace” gave the highest ascorbic acid in green pods compared to the other interactions treatments.
Conclusions:
The climatic conditions prevailing during the tested sowing dates affected the production of sugar pea. The sowing date must be, therefore, timed in such a way to avoid subjecting either the young plants at the first stages of development, or the mature plants at the flowering, to the unfavorable climatic conditions. This study concludes that the environmental conditions prevailing through the different planting dates affected the production of sugar pea crop varieties has recorded various plants cultivated in the third sowing (1st of Oct.) with most cultivars such as (Sugar lace-Brotherton-Snow wind-Snow green) gave the best results of vegetative growth, while they recorded the plants cultivated on 1st of Sept. cv ”Brotherton” gave the highest values of the productivity of the yield either plants that were planted in mid-October for the cv ”Compadoss” recorded the highest values of the quality and quantity of the yield compared other cultivars.