الفهرس 
INTORDUCTION AND AIM OF THE WORK
Normal growthOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to find the relation between nutritional
stunted growth in school children and oxidative stress as a step to prevent
stunting and improve physical growth and intellectual development of
these children. This was done by; evaluation of the oxidative stress status of these children and detection of the relation between oxidative stress
status and nutritional stunted growth.
The present work is a cross-sectional descriptive analytical study
done in the Stunting Outpatient Clinic in the National Nutritional Institute
(NNI). The study included 50 prepubertal malnourished stunted children (28 males and 22 females), aged (6-9 years) with mean age 7.50 ±0.96 for males and 7.68 ± 1.09 for females. All patients were stunted (height for age <-2SD of references standard child according WHO, 1995). 50
healthy children, age and sex-matched were included as a control group
for laboratory investigations only.
All stunted children included in the study were subjected to the
following:
Accurate full history taking and thorough clinical examination.
Dietary status assessment: using the 24 hour dietary recall
method and food frequency questionnaire. Patients were
divided according to energy, protein and micronutrient %
intake of the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) into two
groups: group 1= patients with deficient dietary intake (less
than 50% of RDA) for each nutrient and group 2= patients with
accepted dietary intake (>50% of the RDA).
Anthropometric measurements including; Patients were categorized according to their degree of stunting into two groups; the first group (n=35; 70%) as having moderate stunting (height between -2SD and -3SD), while the second group (n=15; 30%) as having severe stunting (height ≤-3SD) (WHO,
1995). We compared the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in
both groups.
Radiological investigations:
Laboratory investigations: Blood oxidative stress biomarkers
including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) , plasma glutathione (GSH), total
plasma proteins, total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), vitamin C were measured in stunted children and controls.
Social status was assessed for the stunted children using the scoring of Park &Park (1979).
Our results showed:
The mean age for boys was 7.50 ± 0.96 and for girls was 7.68 ±
1.09. The mean Z height of the whole sample was -2.87± 0.75 and their mean Z weight was -2.11± 0.98; this indicates that our cases are both stunted and underweight. Comparison of the anthropometric measurements of stunted children by sex revealed that the decrease in weight and height is more in boys than girls but this difference was statistically insignificant.
Malnourished stunted children displayed significantly decreased levels of the blood oxidative stress biomarkers including, anti-oxidant enzymes; Catalase, Superoxide dismutase, plasma Glutathione, total plasma proteins and TAC as well as plasma Cu, Zn and vitamin C than the controls in concomitant with significant increase of blood level of MDA Comparison of oxidative stress markers in stunted children according to the degree of stunting (moderate and severe stunting) revealed statistical insignificant difference.
Comparison of the means of oxidative stress markers and anthropometric parameters in stunted children according to their social classes revealed significant difference observed in the level of Zn. Moreover, there was significant difference also in plasma level of vit. C of children according to their social standard.
There was no statistical significant difference in the other oxidative stress markers and anthropometric measures of children as regards their social standard.
No statistical significant correlation between anthropometric
SDS, indices and oxidative stress markers was found except for RHC and Vit. C there was significant positive correlation. There was also significant positive correlation between W/H and Catalase and between W/H and copper. There was significant positive correlation between Cormic index and Zn.
Comparison of oxidative stress markers of stunted children according to their nutritional intake showed that there was significant difference in children with accepted and those with deficient B1 intake as regards TAC and copper plasma level.
While, the other oxidative stress markers showed no statistical significant difference.
There was statistical significant difference between children with accepted and those with deficient intake of Vit. D as regards plasma level of Vit. C. No statistical significant difference in level of oxidative stress markers between stunted children with accepted and those with deficient intake of total proteins.
There was significant difference between stunted children with
accepted intake and those with deficient intake of Vit. B2 in both plasma level of SOD and copper.
No statistical significant difference was found between stunted children with accepted energy intake and those with deficient intake as regards their oxidative stress markers and anthropometric standards.
There was significant difference between stunted children with
accepted and those with deficient intake of selenium, as regards
the level of Catalase and also as regards their height standards.
There was significant difference between stunted children with
accepted and those with deficient intake of copper as regards
their plasma level of copper.
No significant correlation between nutritional intake of stunted
children and their anthropometric measures was found.
As regards the distribution of the sample according to their social status and presence of clinical signs of malnutrition; the number of stunted children belonging to low social class was more than those with middle social class and those belonging to high social class was the smallest number. The number of stunted children having clinical signs of malnutrition was more in the low and middle than the high social class. The number of stunted children having more than one sign of malnutrition was more than those having one sign only and those with no clinical signs was the least number in all the social classes. However, statistically there was no relation between the social status and the presence of signs of malnutrition.
Statistical significant difference in level of Catalase of stunted
children as regards their signs of malnutrition was found.
There was significant difference in amount of Vit. B2 intake as
regards the social status.
No statistical relation was found between the presence of signs
of malnutrition and sex of the stunted children.
Significant negative correlation between the level of Catalase
and iron intake. There was also significant negative correlation
between Catalase level and Zinc intake, and negative correlation between Catalase level and Vit. D intake.
Significant negative correlation was found between SOD level and Vit. B2 intake, also between SOD level and Vit. A intake.
There was significant positive correlation between level of total
plasma proteins and selenium intake. There was also significant positive correlation between Vit.C level and selenium intake.
There was significant positive correlation between plasma level
of Zinc and social score.
Significant positive correlation between the social score and Vit. B1 and B2 intake was found.
No statistical correlation between level of oxidative stress markers and signs of malnutrition was found.
There was no statistical significant correlation between the
intake of different nutritional elements and signs of
malnutrition