الفهرس 
Introduction and Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was done to investigate the differential effect of UA, either the right or the left adrenal gland, on the rats’ response to different types of stressors and also to clarify if one adrenal could be sufficient to compensate for the other under such conditions.
The study was conducted on 72 adult male rats, weighing (240-340gm). They were housed at room temperature with natural light/dark cycles. They were left for two weeks after arrival from the supplier for acclimatization. Rats were fed a standard diet of commercial rat chow and tap water adlibitum through the time of the study.
Blood sample from the retro-orbital venous plexus was withdrawn from each rat (as control), after an overnight fast, before experiments. Animals were anaesthetized under ether anesthesia. During surgery, when needed, ether was administered again on the surgical table. All animal handling and operations were performed between 9:00 and 11:00 a.m. by the same persons to diminish the influence of diurnal and individual variations of hormonal levels. UA was done under complete aseptic conditions. The adrenal gland (either the right or the left one) was gently exposed and excised. The same surgical procedures were done in control (sham operated) rats but, without removal of the adrenals.
Rats were randomly classified into the following groups:
I. Non-stressed Groups:
In which rats were included in the following groups (8 rats each):
1. Control (C) group: Rats were subjected to sham operation. Two weeks later, rats were sacrificed by decapitation.
2. Right adrenalectomy (RA) group: Rats were subjected to removal of the right adrenal gland then sacrificed after 2 weeks.
3. Left adrenalectomy (LA) group: Rats were subjected to removal of the left adrenal gland then sacrificed after 2 weeks.
II. Immobilization Stress (IS) Groups:
In which rats were included in the following groups (8 rats each):
1 IS group: In which each rat was immobilized on a wooden board by taping the four limbs with surgical tapes to a specially prepared metal mounts for 3 hours then immediately decapitated after stress was relieved.
2.RAIS group: In which rats were subjected to removal of the right adrenal gland. Two weeks later, after an overnight fast, a retro-orbital blood sample was withdrawn from each rat. On the next day, each rat was subjected to IS.
3.LAIS group: In which rats were subjected to removal of the left adrenal gland. Two weeks later, after an overnight fast, a retro-orbital blood sample was withdrawn from each rat. On the next day, each rat was subjected to IS.
III. Glucoprivation Stress (GS) Groups:
In which rats were included in the following groups (8 rats each):
1.GS group: In which 2-DG (500mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. Following injection of 2-DG, food and water were removed from the cage. Animals were sacrificed by decapitation 1 hour later.
2. RAGS group: In which rats were subjected to removal of the right adrenal gland. Two weeks later, after an overnight fast, a retro-