الفهرس 
CHAPTER I: General introductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 145 |  |  |
| | | from | 145 | | |
Abstract
The compounds investigated throughout this work were determined in different pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids. These studied compounds include: Miconazole nitrate (MIC), Nystatin (NYS), Mebeverine hydrochloride (MEB), Chlordiazepoxide (CPZ), Tramadol (TRD), Dextromethorphan (DEX), clorphineramine maleate (CLP).
This thesis consists of four chapters:-
Chapter I
This chapter includes general introduction about compounds which are investigated through this work, it shows chemical structures, IUPAC name, physical and chemical properties and usage of these compounds. Literature review, general considerations, apparatus, materials, chemicals and reagents are included in this chapter.
ChapterII: Analysis of multi- component drug mixtures in pharmaceutical preparations
This chapter is divided into two parts
A. Introduction about chemometrics
It includes a general introduction about combination of chemometrics with analytical chemistry (chemomterics-assisted spectrophotometric). Chemometriccalibrationtechniques can besummarizedasmultiplelinearregression(MLR)(classicalleastsquare,CLSand inverse leastsquares,ILScalibrations),principalcomponentregression(PCR)andpartialleastsquaresregression(PLS)techniques.
B. HPLC and Chemometric Methods for the Simultaneous Determination of Miconazole Nitrate and Nystatin
In this method, miconazole and nystatin were simultaneously separated and quantified using C18 column. The mobile phase consists of a mixture of methanol: acetonitrile: ammonium acetate buffer (pH 6; 50 mM) (60:30:10 v/v/v). The UV detector was set at 230 nm.The applied chemometric techniques are multivariate methods, with UV absorption in the range of 280-320 nm at 0.2 nm intervals. The developed methods were validated and successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of (MIC) and (NYS) in their dosage form (suppositories), with recoveries within 100.13- 100.21%.
Chapter III: A stability-indicating HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Mebeverine Hydrochloride and Chlordiazepoxide in commercial tablets
This chapter describes, a stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed which can separate and accurately quantitate Mebeverine hydrochloride and Chlordiazepoxide in commercial tablets. A gradient mobile phase system consisting of (A) water and (B) methanol was used. The separation was achieved with a gradient program consisting of 0–9 min 65% mobile phase B and 9–13 min gradient up to 100% mobile phase B. After 13 min the gradient was returned to the initial conditions and the analytical column was reconditioned for 10 min with Phenomenex® Luna C18 analytical column (250mm × 4.6mm i.d., 5μm ps). Quantitation was achieved with UV detection at 254 nm, based on peak area. Mebeverine and Chlordiazepoxide were subjected to acidic, basic hydrolysis and oxidative degradation. The developed HPLC method was applied for the assay ofMebeverine and Chlordiazepoxide in tablets with recoveries within 99.85- 100.82%
Chapter IV: Analysis of some drugs in human plasma
This chapter is divided into two parts
A. Introduction about HPLC –MS and its applications
It contains introduction about Coupling of mass spectroscopy to chromatographic techniques (HPLC- MS), components of the instrument, the way it works and its application in analysis of variety of drugs and their metabolites in human biological fluids and toxicology. The use of LC-tandem MS for toxicology screening is attractive because of its potential, relative to GC-MS screening, to provide greater confidence in identifications, detect a wider range of drugs, toxins and their metabolites, and to simplify sample preparation.
B. Development and validation of a sensitive UHPLC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous analysis of tramadol, dextromethorphan and chlorphineramine in human plasma in forensic context: Application to Pharmacokinetics
In this part describs, a fast, sensitive and robust method to quantify and confirm the presence of tramadol, chlorphineramine and dextromethorphan in human plasma using Ibuprofen as internal standards (IS). The analytes and the IS were extracted from plasma by a liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) using ethyl acetate/ diethyl-ether (1:1). Extracted samples were analyzed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–ESI-MS/MS). chromatographic separation was performed by pumping the mobile phase containing acetonitrile, water and formic acid (89.2: 11.7: 0.1) during 2.0 min at a flow rate of 0.25 µL/ min into a Hypersill gold (1.9 µm) (Phenomenex) 50×2.0mm. The intra-day precision (%RSD) and accuracy (%RE) of the method ranged from 3 to 9.8%, and -1.7 to 4.5%, respectively. The analytical procedure herein described was used to assess the pharmacokinetics of tramadol, chlorphineramine and dextromethorphan, in thirty healthy volunteers after a single oral dose containing 50 mg of tramadol hydrochloride, 3 mg chlorphineramine maleate and 15 mg of dextromethorphan hydrobromide.
References
This section provides a list of references which have been used, which reach 94 references. The references are listed in order of appearance within the context of the thesis.
Arabic summery
Finally, and at the top of the message there are list of abbreviations, tables and figures used in this thesis.