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Abstract Fifty positiv.:. ::lood c;_,ltur•” c: t. tyrJhoid cosecs were studiud. ihcj ’\I•Jrc cL.:ssifiod into 2 c;roups. Group I included 25 cases rc,cciving chlorcmpbmicol or:olly in a dose of 50 mg per kilogrem body -.JGight dcily divided 6 hourly for 15 doys. Group II included 25 cases rccc iving chlorcmphenicol ( aa e;roup I ) + corticosteroids orally 2S prednisolone for 10 de J-,J, JO :ng ddly for tho first 3 days then 15 mg daily for the next 3 dsys thon 10 mg daily for the following 2 days end l2stly 5 mg daily for 2 days. All the pationte ·:,:.rc subjected to the following investigations : l. 3lood culture. 2. Urine culture. 3. Stool culture. 5. Serum glu-Gc,mic oxc-:lact:tic trcnswninasc .::1nd scrun: glut unic p ~’rruv ic t J::’cJ.ne s~uino s 0 est jjnu t ion. G. Compl<etc l::lood )icturc including totc:l und diiferontic’.l v1Li tc blood count, rod blood corpusculor count, haemoglobin in grams and erythrocyte sedimentation r8to. 7. Routino urin-:: : nd stool uxcmin:-,tion.J;ll tt.c:s•. c>,:ot:3 ”’’-)··=- 1 cpL.:·ted cv -I’;/ ·:;cc.k du1.·ing · nd following thcr::py. The main sJi:!ptoms of our p2ticnts •iiero fever (100 %) , rigors (28 %), chills (42 %)·, gcnerclized body aches (46 %), sore throct (30 %) , hcccur•cho (78 %) , cpietcxis (32 %) , dry cough (54 %) , anorexic.. ( 84 ;0), nc.ueoc (50 %) , vomiting (16 %) , diarrhoea ( 28 %) , constip2tion (54 %) , and 2bdominnl discomfort (66 %). ·rhe r.1ain signs of our psticnts wecre remittent typo of fever (86 %) , casted tongue (82 %) , infLcmmed throot ( 26 %) , tumid tympanitic cbdor.Jan (82 %) , soft slightly enlarged spL.:cen (74 %) , <.Cnlsrged liver (40 7bl e-nd bronchitic chest (J 2 %) • One co.s c in the chlorcmph.Jnicol + cart icost croid group had typhoid pcrforction on the 2Jrd. day of the cliscc:sc. J.ll th,, ccscc had positive. blood cv.l turc for typhoid bccilli. Positiv• stool end urine culturos wo1·e detected in 14 % snd 6 % of our ccecs respectively. Tho group of p: ticnts rccciving coml::ined chloramphenicol + corticosteroid ~hawed c significant DROP of fever relief of haad2che, bmeliorntion of pnoraxiB and relief of o bdominnl discomfort c.::c: Gorap ;orcd to chloreiilphonico l group.Th0 number of ch:y:: e:ft ~r ·,:::C:Lch ”tl>~ livc.cr c nd .spleen ru2idcd to normcl, tympcni ti~ ·:li8::pp:;c;rud ·. c signii’iccmtly lower in the combined chlorcm~h~nicol + corticoctaroid group as compared to chloramphenicol group. Thoro wcs a si;;nificant decrease of the total white blood count in the chlorciilphenicol + corticosteroid group as compared to chloramphenicol group in the 1st., 2nd. and Jrd. w”’eks of therapy. Thc:cc was no significant change in lymphocytic percontsge, c:::>sinophilic percentage, haemoglobin, rc:d blood corpuscles, erythrocyte sedimentc.tion rate and serum transaminasos in chloraml)henicol + corticosteroid group when comparod co chloramphenicol group in the ls t., 2nd. and Jrd. wc:eks of therspy. There was a signiricsnt docreese of TO antibody titr: in the 2nd. woek of therapy and TH cmtibody titro in tho 1st. and 2nd. weeks of thorapy in chlorum]Jhcnicol + corticosteroid group <3S comp,:red to ”hlol’amphcnico l group. |