الفهرس 
العلاقة التبادلية بين التنمية البشرية و الإقتصاديةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
UResearch problem:
When you compare between rural and urban areas , we find that the size of
the disparity is large resulting in the creation of a gap between the rural and
urban areas , according to a report prepared by the United Group in collaboration with the U.S. Agency for Economic Development of regional disparities in development between Egyptian governorates either in Countryside or urban areas in general or the provinces urban or provinces of
Lower Egypt in particular, where the report noted that this disparity is due
primarily to the urban centers attract of development, and the neglect of the
development of the countryside of Egypt, which led to a lack of integration between the provincial urban and rural governorates , which led to the emergence of a lot of economic wastage as well as social problems and security problems , resulting in Direct impact on human development, which is measured primarily to the health status and level of educational attainment and per capita GNP, which was productive manpower can be exploited to accelerate development rather than manpower marginalized economically productive.
So study will focus on the development of rural health and education in order as labor force and human capital can be exploitation of in order to boost the economy through the study of the causes of the low status of human development in the countryside and the possibility of treatment.
UResearch hypotheses:
The research hypotheses are the following:
1. Human development has an important role in achieving the goals of economic development.
2. Low levels of human development in rural areas of maritime face compared with urban areas have.
3. There is a possibility to raise the rates of the human and economic development in rural of maritime face.
Methodology of the study:
We use in this study the Inductive Methodology.
Structure of the study:
The study is divided into an introduction and four chapters, a conclusion, a summary of the study in both Arabic& English then ended by Statistical Appendix as following:
- Chapter One:
((Correlation between economic development and human
development)):
* This chapter discusses the relationship between economic development and human development through the study of each concept and how it affects each other.
We can define the development as the process of the intentional and prompt
changing has a certain specifications in order to satisfy human needs , also it reflects intrusive process due to the state intervention willful to achieve a rapidly cumulative increase in services for positive change aims to move society from case to case better.
* The chapter is divided into three sections:
.The first topic: the concept of economic development and methods of
measuring it.
.The second topic: the concept of human development and methods of measuring it.
.The third topic: the correlation between human development and economic development.
* Through the study of this chapter, we reached to:
the nature of the relationship between human development and economic
development through the study of the impact of economic development on
the human development then study the impact of human development on
economic development where found that the level of health and education
has a significant impact because if the individual producers are in good health
and highly skilled , they will contribute significantly to the production process in the community, and when they enjoy convenient level of healthy , appropriate educational level too, must enjoy a standard of living adequate to be able to participate in the production process and in order to achieve his human development through economic development must get An
appropriate share of (GDP) .
That the relationship between them is interlocking relationship and they
must act together in general because the absence of one hinders the other and
unbalanced relationship is the result of rapid growth of human development
with slow growth or rapid growth with slow human development.
The foregoing, we find the truth of first hypothesis that States ”that human
development has an important role in achieving the goals of economic
development.”
- Chapter two:
((Indicators of human development in the Arab Republic of Egypt&
the provinces of Lower Egypt)):
* Through this chapter we study economic and human development
indicators in all of the Arab Republic of Egypt then the provinces of Lower
Egypt including its urban & countryside indicators through the analysis of
these indicators then compare between them in terms of the rise or decline in
the Arab Republic of Egypt in general and the provinces of Lower Egypt
including its urban & countryside in particular , the study has been studying
these indicators of human development in the period from 2000 to 2010 and for analysis we select year 2000 as the beginning of the selected period then
year 2005 as mid-years and finally 2010 as the end of the period selected.
* The chapter is divided into two sections:
.The first topic: human development indicators in the Arab Republic of
Egypt.
.The second topic: human development indicators in the provinces of Lower Egypt including its urban & countryside
* Through the study of this chapter, we reached that :
Despite low levels of human development in rural areas compared to urban
areas what is validating the second hypothesis, which states that ”low human
development rates in rural areas compared to urban especially in the country side of the provinces of Lower Egypt compared to Urban of the provinces of Lower Egypt ”, But there are some indications in some selected years that did not fit the hypothesis such as natural increase rate , the poverty rate, unemployment rate (15+) in the total governorates & infant mortality rate , the mortality rate for children under five, rate of spending on health care and services, the unemployment rate (15+) in the provinces of Lower Egypt.
U- Chapter three:
((Level of human development and its economic effects on urban and
rural provinces of Lower Egypt)):
* Through this chapter we analyze the rates of human development and analyze the reasons for the low levels of human development rates in urban of the provinces of Lower Egypt in general and rural of the provinces of Lower Egypt in particular, then study of the economic impact and the problems arising from the low levels of human development through the analysis and study of rates of human development in the provinces of Lower Egypt in general and rural of it particularly with a focus on five provinces of Lower Egypt (El.Sharkya, Qaliubiya, Kafr El Sheikh, Dakahlia, Gharbia).
* The chapter is divided into two sections:
. The first topic: the analytical study of the rates of human development in
the countryside of the provinces of Lower Egypt with a focus on five provinces of Lower Egypt (El.Sharkya, Qaliubiya, Kafr El Sheikh, Dakahlia,
Gharbia).
. The second topic: the most important problems resulting from the lack of
human development and economic effects on the provinces of Lower Egypt.
* Through this chapter we reached that:
Despite the low levels of human development in rural areas compared to
urban areas what is validating the second hypothesis, which states that ” low human development rates in rural areas compared to urban and especially in the countryside of the provinces of Lower Egypt compared to its urban ” ,
but there are some indications in some selected years which did not conform
to the hypothesis, such as the rate of birth rate and death rate and natural
increase rate , spending on health care and services, the unemployment rate
(15 +).
U- Chapter four:
((Activating the role of human development in the countryside and
its reflection on economic development, especially in the countryside of the provinces of Lower Egypt)):
* During this chapter we study the most important experiences in rural
development in general and the countryside of the provinces of Lower Egypt in particular in order to study the extent of its success in raising the rates of human development and their reflection on economic development through the study of past experiences, analysis them then develop a plan for the development of effective human & economic development for the provinces
of Lower Egypt in particular * The chapter is divided into two sections:
. The First Topic: an analytical study of the extent of the success of a past
experiences for the development of the provinces of Lower Egypt.
. The second topic: develop a plan for an effective human and economic
development for rural of the provinces of Lower Egypt.
* Through this chapter we reached to:
There is a great potential to achieve the third hypothesis through the
application of the plan for the rural development program and commitment
to its goals and strategies set and achieve social justice dimensions , especially the human dimension and avoid obstacles especially the constraints faced by the past rural development projects and make a rotating evaluation on an ongoing basis to make sure that the programs contributed to increase the rates of human development such as health and education, and if it did not contribute to achieve that we must treat it, otherwise you will not be able to achieve hypothesis.
The study recommended a number of recommendations in order to rural development program be used is effective in raising the status of human development rates of the rural and guarantee that can contribute to be an effective human rustic developmental program contributes to the effective economic development and guarantee
the sustainability of it , the most important recommendation were :
1. The human development Plans must go alongside economic development
plans and must act together in order to avoid unbalanced relation between
them because the absence of one hinders the other, so in order to achieve
effective human development as each individual get an appropriately level of
a health and education by an Economic Development should happen to each
individual through get an appropriate share of GDP.
2. Determine the poverty map for each rural village in the governorate
through identifying the right geographical scope to implement the plan in
accordance with the resources, whether financial or human credits available
through the study of the conditions of the village economic, social and
identify priority projects to upgrade the standard of human health and
especially the educational and cultural development, and be of a quick return
to be felt by the people of the village development with identifying the
positive effects and the negative of these projects.
3. Provide more small projects in order to increase employment opportunities for the rural population and especially the countryside of the
five provinces chosen in the study in order to raise the level of income for
them and thus improve the standard of living for them and decrease poverty
level, which contributes to higher levels of health, education and cultural
awareness in the affirmative.
4. In order to be an effective rural development program in raising the rates
of human development for the rural population, must therefore when you
start any development plan should focus on human development as the cornerstone of economic development and the basis of it before starting the development of infrastructure in order to create an effectively human capital through the development of the human dimension of the population’s health and education and culture and raise their level, And thus increase their efficiency as a productive capital and also increase their productivity therefore it increases their participation in the development process which supports the
process of continuing development, and must provide the necessary credits
financial plan during the specified time period with a focus on local sources with high percentage compared to other sources to avoid impeding the plan at any stage of implementation.