الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a serious and growing health problem worldwide and is associated with severe acute and chronic complications that negatively influence both the quality of life and survival of affected individuals. The association between cancer and diabetes has been investigated extensively and most, but not all studies, found that DM is associated with an increased risk of several types of cancer. In contrast, most studies report a reduced risk of prostate cancer in men with diabetes and this most likely is attributed to the decreased testosterone levels in diabetic patients.
The study at hand aimed at finding any possible correlations between diabetes mellitus (DM) and prostate size, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and serum testosterone in a sample of 501 Egyptian males, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, who presented to the Main University Hospital of Alexandria university with different benign urologic problems, 207 patients were diabetics, and the other 294 patients were not diabetics. All subjects were examined and had their BMI calculated, following obtaining detailed history. PSA levels and testosterone levels were determined, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated haemoglubin (HbA1c) in diabetic patients were determined also. Prostate size was estimated using abdominal ultrasonography.
The study at hand has shown an inverse relationship between the mean values of PSA and the DM of the recruited subjects, this finding was statistically correlated and revealed a negative strong correlation.
Additionally, the present study has shown an association between prostate volume and DM of recruited subjects.
Moreover, the current study also reported a negative correlation and an inverse relationship between serum testosterone and DM.
By the way, same results were observes with BMI, but DM effect was stronger than BMI effect.
It remains to be demonstrated whether or not decreases in serum PSA levels drive the lower risk of prostate cancer observed among diabetic men in previous studies as, if the smaller increase in serum PSA levels among diabetic men delays the diagnosis of prostate cancer, men with diabetes may be more likely to be diagnosed with later-stage disease. As such, the potential impact of diabetes on prostate-cancer detection warrants further investigation in future studies.