الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bladder cancer is a major worldwide health problem, which is more common in Egypt than most other parts of the world. The aim of present study was to investigate the impact of HCV infection on the epigenetic perturbations such as DNA methylation and mutations of tumor suppressor genes and protocogene, genomic instability such as MSI and LOH and mRNAs involved in development and progression of BC. Material and methods: two hundred patients were enrolled in this study (100 HCV infected and 100 non-HCV infected patients). Two specimens were taken from the normal and malignant bladder tissues. The following investigations were done a) detection of microsatellite instability of D9S171, D9S161, FAG,MJD, ACTBP, MBP b) DNA hypermethylation of APC, P73, p16, O6 MMGT, CD99, E-cadherin, c) detection of microRNAs 200b, 182 and 21, d) detection of the expression of p53, FGFR3 and E2F3 and e) detection of mutations of FGFR3 exon7 and Hras exon 1 in HCV infected and non-HCV infected patients. Results and conclusions The frequencies of DNA hypermethylation of APC, P73, p16, O6 MMGT, CD99, E-cadherin were enhanced in malignant tissues and HCV infection increased the frequency of hypermethylation of these genes except CD99 and e-cadherin suggesting that HCV might be involved in development of BC. Three types of genomic instabilities including MSI, LOH and both MSI+ LOH were demonstrated in D9S171 and D9S162 at short arm of chromosome 9, FGA at long arm of chromosome 4 and ACTB at short arm of chromosome 7 while MBP at chromosome 18 and MJD at chromosome 14 showed only MSI. The frequencies of genomic instabilities of these genes were higher in cancer tissues compared to normal tissues and in HCV infected patients compared to non-HCV infected patients.