الفهرس 
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Abstract
As the most well known river of the ancient world the nile is still an interesting river of the present time it plays an important role in the life of the people in east central and north Africa through transport power irrigation drinking water tourism and fishing in Egypt the nile is considered as the nerve of life or the whole life and prosperity of the country the river provides Egypt with 98 of its water supply the amount of water available to Egypt is 55.5 billion m year which makes the share of each egyption 4 m / day said 1981 the nile has a length of 6825 km starting from the sources of the luvironza river in Tanzania to the shores of the Mediterranean the river follows generally a south to north path both its source in equatorial Africa and its mouth in the Mediterranean sea lie within one degree on the same meridian of longitude.