الفهرس 
acknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Lake Mariut is the smallest of four shallow brackish water lakes adjointing the Mediterranean Coast of Egypt. It lies west of the Rashid (Rosetta) Branch of the Nile and differs from the other coastal lakes in having no direct connection with the sea. from early times, until the twelvth century, the Canopic Branch of the Nile used to flow into the lake through several channels. According to De Cosson (1935), the level of the lake water fell gradually through historical times due to the gradual silting of the Canopic Branch.
from 12th
to 18t
th
century, this branch had disappeared and the lake become almost dry except during the flood seasons (August-December).
In 1801, during Napoleon’s Campaign, the British Forces cut off the dyke of the fresh water canal which separated Lake Mariut from the previous Lake Abu-Qir. was in a direct connection with the sea and consequently the see water invaded vast areas including Lake Mariut.
The latter one
In 1892, when the irrigation system in the Beheira Province was reorganized, Lake Mariut was utilized as a drainage basin for the adjacent cultivated land and various drains have thus been designed to flow into it. In order to maintain the lake water within a certain constant level.