الفهرس 
Iron Deficiency AnemiaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary
Iron is vital for all living organisms because it is essential
for multiple metabolic processes, including DNA synthesis and
oxygen and electron transport. Iron deficiency is a main
nutritional deficiency disorder affecting large fractions of the
world population and is a common cause of anemia.
Iron and other micronutrients have immune modulating
functions that influence the susceptibility of a host to infectious
diseases. It has been suggested that iron supplementation can
improve iron levels and reduce morbidity from upper respiratory
tract infections in children.
The aim of this study was to assess the percentage and
type of recurrent respiratory tract infection in Egyptian school
children in shobra region and to assess the percentage of iron
deficiency anemia and the outcome of iron supplementation on
the recurrenc and severity of upper respiratory tract infection
among them.
In this study 1000 school students from 2 urban schools in
Cairo was followed up for 3 months to select those had recurrent
upper respiratory tract infections, 245 (24.5%) of the followed up
Summary
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children were suffering from recurrent URTIs in the first 3 month
enrollment period.
This study showed that the most prevalent upper
respiratory tract infection during the enrollment period was
common cold (60% of the total RURTIs) with a mean incidence
rate 2 ± 0.63followed by acute tonsillitis (29% of the total
RURTIs) with a mean incidence rate 0.96±0.36.
In this study the percentage of iron deficiency anemia
among children who experienced recurrent upper respiratory tract
infections was 42.8%.
In this study there was a high percentage of exposure to
passive smoking (85.9%) among the three studied groups and the
difference was not significant statistically.
In this study there was a high percentage of high education
among mothers and fathers of children in non anemic groups
compared to mothers and fathers of children in the anemic group
and the difference was highly significant.
This study showed a highly significant statistical
difference between the non anemic group (B) and the anemic
group (A) as regards the percentage of consumption of the RDI of
iron .
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In the anemic group after 3 months of daily iron intake
of a dose of 6mg/kg/day, there was a higher mean hemoglobin,
mean iron level in blood, mean ferritin level in blood and a lower
mean total iron binding capacity after intervention in group A
students compared to pre intervention mean and the difference
was highly significant statistically.
This study showed that there was a higher mean number of
illnesses in group A compared to group B1 and group B2 at the
first visit and the difference was highly significant statistically
There was no significant difference statistically between the three
studied groups as regards Common cold, acute tonsillitis, acute
laryngitis, otitis media, Sick days with URTIs or absence days
from school.
This study showed that therapeutic iron supplementation to
the anemic group and correcting the iron deficiency anemia
There was lower mean number of illness, common cold, laryngitis
and sick days in the iron supplemented groups (A, B1) than the
non iron supplemented group (B2) either supplemental iron was
given or not, but the difference was not significant statistically
between the three groups as regards mean attacks of illness,
attacks of common colds, otitis media, laryngitis, sick days or
absence days in spring months.
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During subsequent visits There was a lower mean number
of number of illnesses, common cold attacks, number of sick days
and number of absence days in groups A, B1 compared to group
B2 and the difference was significant statistically either
supplemental iron was given or not.
This study showed that there was no significant difference
statistically between the three study groups as regards the mean
CARIFS score in the enrollment period, this indicated that there
was no significant difference statistically between the three study
groups as regards the severity of their attacks at baseline.
Later on in this study,treating the anemic patients by
therapeutic dose of iron showed a higher mean CARIFS score in
group A (anemic children) compared to groups B1 , B2 and the
difference was highly significant statistically in visit 2 which
indicated that the severity of URTIs was increased with high dose
of iron supplementation.
This study showed that there was a lower mean of CARIFS
score in groups A, B1, compared to B2 in subsequent visits and
the difference was highly significant statistically when
supplemental iron was given and There was a lower mean
CARIFS score in groups A and B1 compared to group B2 but the
difference was not significant statistically when supplemental iron
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was not given, this indicated that maintenance dose of iron
decreased the severity of URTIs.
This study showed the least incidence rate of illnesses
among group B1 followed by group A and the group with the
highest incidence was group B2and incidence rate of the illness in
group (B2) was 7 times higher than groupB1 at the last visit after
intervention, and almost two times higher in B2 compared to
group A although the incidence rate of illnesses was nearly the
same at the start of the study.
This study showed the highest rate of illnesses in the 3
groups occurred during the autumn and winter months