الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 87 |  |  |
| | | from | 87 | | |
Abstract
• Cutaneous aging is a complex biological phenomenon in which two independent processes affecting the skin simultaneously. The first process is the intrinsic aging, while the second process is the extrinsic aging, which is the result of exposure to outdoor elements, primarily UV irradiation. They can be distinguished clinically and histologically.
• In contrast to old photo-protected skin, which is smooth and clearly does not develop sagging appearance, Photoaged skin usually shows a variety of clinical manifestations, including coarseness, wrinkling, sallow discoloration, telangiectasia, irregular pigmentation and a variety of benign, premalignant and malignant neoplasms.
• Dermal elastosis is the histological hallmark of photoaging.
• Photoprotection of the skin is directly related to the thickness of stratum corneum and the degree of pigmentation.
• Natural ingredients from Plants and plant extracts were used to treat photoaging manifestations. Yet, there is a constant need for more clinical studies to evaluate these products.
• Familiarity with Fitzpatrick phototype classification of skin types is important when evaluating an aging face to choose the right treatment and evaluate anticipated risks.
• Therapies for the treatment of photodamage can be subdivided into primary, secondary and tertiary treatment/prevention. Primary prevention, in the form of photoprotection, will reduce development of extrinsic aging. Secondary treatment/prevention, in the form of topical retinoid therapy, aids in attenuating the effects of photoaging. Lastly, tertiary treatment/prevention ameliorates the effects of photoaging as well as intrinsic aging via the use of botulinum toxin, soft tissue fillers and superficial chemical and laser skin resurfacing.
• The CO2 laser beam is in the infrared spectrum of 10 600 nm
• Fractional CO2 laser is largely used for cosmetic indications, principally acne scarring and wrinkles. Their use in non-cosmetic dermatology indications has not been fully explored.
Fractional laser skin resurfacing complications can be classified according to severity in to mild, moderate, severe complications.
• Pigmentary Alterations is considered the main concern in dark skin colors.
• Practitioner and patient must follow fractional co2 laser guidelines regarding patient selection, preoperative assessment and postoperative care to avoid complications
• In the present study, the study sample was 50 female patients (Fitzpatrick phototype II-IV) complaining from symptoms of photoaging .Patients were selected from the dermatology outpatient clinic of the main University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria. Patients’ mean age was 46.4±8.79 (29-64). 44% of the patients were not working, while 56% were working. each patient was exposed to 3 sessions with a 10,600nm prototype CO2 medical laser system(ATL-250)built by Advanced Technology Laser Company ,Ltd Parameters used were as follows : power was 4-6 W ,PPI(array density) was 4 ,and time was 3-4 ms ,one pass only. The shape of scanning area was set to 9x9 rectangles