الفهرس 
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Abstract
Epilepsyis a chronic neurological disorder that affects approximately 70 million people of all ages worldwide Nearly 80% of people with epilepsy are found in developing countries, where it remains a major public health problem, not only because of its health implications but also for its social, cultural, psychological and economic connotations.According to the Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy in 1985-1989 ,cryptogenic epilepsies are defined as epilepsy syndromes for which an aetiology is unknown, but an underlying brain disease is suspected affecting approximately 20% of all patients with epilepsy .Parasitic infections are considered as serious public health problems in many developing countries affecting various tissues including the brain leading to neurological dysfunction. Toxocariasis is a zoonosis caused by Toxocara canis and T. catis, the nematode parasites of dogs and cats respectively .The principal source of infection is eggs which are released from the feces of dogs and result in contamination of the soil children are more susceptible to this infection because they handle (playing habits) contaminated soil .When infective eggsbecome free in the intestine and pass through the intestinalwall to migrate through tissues provoking inflammatory tissue reactions with multisystem involvement leading to the clinical syndrome referredto as visceral larva migrans .the larvae can locate in CNSleading to variety of neurological disorders .Seizures have been reported as the initial CNS manifestation of toxocariasis in quite a number of patients .The present case-control seroprevalence study was carried out with a total of 70 cases (40 cryptogenic and 30 non cryptogenic) consecutive pediatric age patients who were evaluated and followed up in Benha University hospital and Benha Children’s Hospital, Benha, Egypt. Diagnosis of cryptogenic epilepsy was based on: a negative family history of epilepsy, no history of head trauma, previous meningitis/encephalitisor brain surgery and normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)study and electroencephalogram (EEG). All patients were subjected to full history taking and complete physical examination. The demographic and life style information was obtained through a survey questionnaire. The age group was 2-16years. the control group consisted of 20 age matched volunteers with informed consent from patient/guardian from children attending out-patient clinic for other causes without any personnal or family history .Three ml of venous blood was drawn aseptically from each patient and stored until testedToxocara IGg and ICAM using ELIZAanti-Serum samples were tested for Collected epidemiological, clinical and laboratory datawere computerized and statistically analyzed using SPSSOf 70 epileptic patients (40 cryptogenic and 30 non cryptogenic)patients 36 (51.4%) were females and 34(48.6%) were males the control group consisted of 20 patient 11(55.0%) were females and 9(45.0%) were males their age range was between 9 months-13 years .The over all seroprevelance of TOXOCARA antibodies in cases and control was 5.7% and 10.0% respectively so there is no relation between TOXOCARA and cryptogenic epilepsy table 1.
The over all seroprevelance of TOXOCARA antibodies in cases and control was 5.7% and 10.0% respectively so there is no relation between TOXOCARA and cryptogenic epilepsy.from positive cases 3 (7.5%) were cryptogenic and 1 (3.3%) was non cryptogenic .As regard ICAM results cryptogenic patients have higher titre than non cryptogenic ones also ICAM titre is increasing with IGg positive cases and also increasing with IGg positive cryptogenic cases .
There is also significant association between epilepsy and residence in rural areas also between epilepsy and contact to animals.