الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract This study concluded to collection of 88 water samples from different localities Kaliobia governorate from layer and broiler farms and these farms depend on tap and ground water supply, then examined the hygienic condition of water system inside different farms. The examination includes physical, chemical and microbiological examination.1) Physical Examination:Color: colored sample range from faint yellow to deep yellow color and the percentage of sample not increased than 22.7% of total sample Turbidity: ranged from zero to 30 NTU and 37.5% of water samples collect from poultry farms exceeded than permissible limit 5 NTU. 2) Chemical Analysis: pH: recorded the highest percentage in the area Tokh (7.37) and found it increased in drinkers than in source and tank but the level did not exceed the permissible limit for drinking water and this level not affects the health and productivity of birds. Ammonia: recorded highest average of ammonia in sheben ELkanater as recoded 14.98mg /L. Ammonia was higher in broiler than layer. While no differences were recorded between ground and tap water. And found that 22% of the samples were unfit for human drinking.Nitrites: found that average nitrite scored highest level in Tokh and it was 0.91 mg /L. There were slight differences between source, tank and drinkers, while higher in groundwater than in tap water as recorded 0.16 mg /L). No differences were recorded between broiler and layer farms. The percentage of samples exceeded than permissible limit was 37.5% of total samples. Nitrates: averages of nitrates recorded highest level in sheben EL-kanater and it was 28.23mg /L. there no change between the source and the reservoir tank and drinkers. Nitrate recorded higher mean value in broiler than layer (16.1 mg /L). Also was higher in the groundwater than tap water (16.6 mg / L). The percentage of unfit samples for drinking was 51% and that also negatively influenced health and productivity of birds. Phosphates: our results showed that the highest mean value of phosphate was in broiler farms. The mean value of phosphate was higher in the ground water than in tap water, which was 0.8 mg /L. The highest mean value in Sheben EL-kanater area was 1.7. The percentage of samples that exceeded the permissible limit was 66%. And found the percentage of the phosphate increased in drinkers than reservoir and source. Reasons were attributed to increasing the proportion of organic matter pollution residues birds and add some salt and mineral water. Sulfates: highest level of sulfate was in Tokh were 39.48 mg /L. The mean value was higher in the tap water (44.98 mg /L) than in the groundwater and higher in broiler than layer, but did not exceed the allowable limit in any of them. Also, found that a slight increase in the proportion of sulfates in drinkers than in tank and the main source. |